Another year has ended. We must admit that it was difficult not only for the country as a whole, but also for our republic. In 2017, sanctions against Russia continued to be imposed, although our country also responded with “mirror” measures. But unlike previous years, we have already adapted to both the sanctions and the economic crisis, which, admittedly, has subsided. Despite this, in 2017, as in previous years, the “austerity regime” was relevant. In these difficult conditions, we were able to show growth in many areas. So, let's summarize the preliminary results of the past year (the exact numbers will be known a little later).

The big picture

In general, the socio-economic situation in Dagestan by the end of the year demonstrated positive dynamics in the rates of the main economic indicators. Growth rate industrial production amounted to 20.6%, agricultural and construction products - 4.7% each, retail trade turnover - 3%, volume of paid services to the population - 2.7%, real disposable cash income - 3.3%.

As a result, the index of output of goods and services for basic types of economic activity increased by 6.4%, with an increase of 6.1% in January-November 2016.

As part of the implementation of the subprogram “Socio-economic development of the Republic of Dagestan for 2016-2025” state program Russian Federation “Development of the North Caucasus Federal District for the period until 2025” this year, investment projects for the construction of greenhouse complexes of AgroMir LLC and Yugagroholding LLC, as well as a plant for the production of gypsum and gypsum-containing products, were selected for financing. building materials in the industrial zone of the village. Kafir-Kumukh. It is expected that after the projects reach their planned capacity, more than 400 jobs will be created and annual tax payments to budgets of all levels will be ensured in the amount of 180 million rubles.

Priority projects for the development of Dagestan were implemented, including in order to increase tax potential consolidated budget region. Tax and non-tax revenues for 11 months amounted to 29 billion rubles, the established tasks for collecting tax and non-tax revenues into the consolidated budget of the republic were fulfilled by 101.3%.

In addition, information about 63.6 thousand was transferred to AIS Tax-3. land plots and 67.1 thousand capital construction projects, information was updated and ownership rights were registered for 53.6 thousand land plots and 33.9 thousand capital construction projects. 4,249 entities engaged in activities without registration were identified, and 2,923 entities were registered for tax purposes. As of December 20, 53.8 thousand people were identified who were engaged in activities without appropriate registration, of which 44.9 thousand people were sentenced to death. employment contracts or registered (100.3% of planned values).

Industry

The situation in industry was characterized by an increase in production volumes in general by 20.6%, with an increase in the rate of mining by 0.5%, manufacturing by 25.1% and an observed decline in the volume of water supply, sanitation, organization of waste collection and disposal, and waste management activities. eliminating pollution by 0.7% and providing electricity, gas and steam, and air conditioning by 11.6%.

In the type of activity “manufacturing”, the high level of growth in the industrial production index (125.1%) for 11 months compared to the corresponding period in 2016 is the result of accelerated growth of industrial production in such structure-forming types of economic activity as the production of coke and petroleum products - 6 ,3 times (CJSC "Caspian 1"); production of finished metal products, except machinery and equipment - 1.8 times (JSC Dagdizel); production of computers, electronic and optical products - 1.5 times (JSC Azimut); production of other Vehicle and equipment - 1.4 times (JSC Concern KEMZ); beverage production – 1.3 times. At the same time, there is a decrease in production in the production of electrical equipment - by 33.8% (JSC Kizlyar Electrical Apparatus Plant), in the production of machinery and equipment not included in other groups - by 32.5% (FL SPC conversion "Separator Plant" ) and production, transmission and distribution of electricity - by 30.9% (JSC Branch of PJSC RusHydro - Dagestan Branch).

In 2017, production was commissioned at seven industrial enterprises in Dagestan: floor tiles and ceramic granite at Marabi LLC; modern elevator assembly production of various lifting capacities at OJSC Kizlyar Electrical Apparatus Plant; vacuum film molding section at JSC Plant named after. Gadzhiev"; modernization of the mechanical assembly shop at JSC Dagdizel Plant; the second machining shop, thermal, welding and assembly sections at the Aircraft Mechanical Plant of JSC Concern KEMZ in Kaspiysk; resumption of production of glass fiber and glass fabric at Makhachkala Glass Fiber Plant OJSC; galvanic production and launch of the molar section at OJSC South Sukhokum Electromechanical Plant.

According to preliminary data, production volumes for defense orders in 2017 increased 1.5 times and are estimated at 9 billion rubles. The volume of production of import-substituting industrial products, mainly for defense purposes, in 2017 was estimated at 3.7 billion rubles and increased by 1.4 times compared to 2016.

In general, the growth in the rate of industrial production in January-October in the republic was higher than the average for the Russian Federation as a whole (101.6%) and for the North Caucasus Federal District (104.7%). Among the regions of the North Caucasus District, Dagestan is in fifth place in terms of this indicator per capita (16 thousand rubles).

Agriculture

The volume of agricultural production by all categories of commodity producers amounted to 110.4 billion rubles and increased by 4.7% (in January-November 2016 - by 3.8%). The growth in agricultural production volumes is ensured, first of all, by increasing the gross harvest of crop production.

Thus, the harvesting of the main agricultural crops has been completed in Dagestan. The gross harvest of vegetables amounted to about 1.5 million tons (105.2% compared to the same period in 2016), potatoes - 395 thousand tons (99.7%), fruits - 208.5 thousand tons (159.8%), rice - 85 thousand tons (111.2%), grapes - 168.8 thousand tons (113.6%). The planting of gardens amounted to almost 1.5 thousand hectares, including intensive gardens - 673.5 hectares, with the planned indicator for the current year being 1100 hectares and 200 hectares, respectively. New gardens were established on an area of ​​1233.4 hectares, which amounted to 82.2% of the program indicator for 2017 (1500 hectares).

An increase in production over 11 months is also observed in the main indicators of livestock production. The production of livestock and poultry for slaughter (in live weight) for the specified period in farms of all categories amounted to 208.4 thousand tons (105.6% of the corresponding period in 2016), milk - 767.7 thousand tons (102.6% ), eggs – 215.2 million pieces (103%).

As part of the implementation of the Import Substitution Action Plan in Dagestan, work is underway to commission, reconstruct and modernize a number of production facilities. So, in the village Novokuli, Novolaksky district (Novostroy), the first stage of a greenhouse complex with a total area of ​​1.3 hectares was put into operation. In addition, Yugagroholding LLC launched the first stage of a greenhouse complex on an area of ​​5.5 hectares, which will further increase the volume of greenhouse vegetable production in the off-season by 2.5 thousand tons. To provide the greenhouse complex with backup water supply, Yugagroholding LLC built a backup reservoir with a volume of 14 thousand cubic meters. The launch of these production facilities will allow increasing the volume of production of protected soil vegetables by the end of 2017 to 18 thousand tons, from 14 thousand tons in 2016.

In order to develop the infrastructure and logistics of the food market in Dagestan, Yugagroholding LLC completed the construction of a fruit storage facility with a total capacity of 4 thousand tons and a vegetable storage facility with a capacity of 6 thousand tons in July 2017.

Based on the production of feed pellets from alfalfa green mass, Kizlyar Uritsky Meat Processing Plant LLC has created a raw material base for increasing the production of sausages, producing new types of raw smoked sausages, canned meat, and meat and bone meal. The company is working to expand export opportunities and is supplying products (lamb meat) to Iran.

In addition, work is underway in the republic on the technical modernization of agricultural production. Thus, agricultural producers of the republic purchased 51 units of equipment, including 13 tractors and one grain harvester for a total amount of 50 million rubles.

The growth rate of agriculture in January-October in the republic was higher than the average for the Russian Federation as a whole (104.7% versus 102.9%) and for the North Caucasus Federal District (104.7% versus 101.2%). Among the regions of the North Caucasian Federal District, the republic is in fourth place for this indicator per capita (33 thousand rubles), the best indicator is in the Stavropol Territory (65.5 thousand rubles).

Investments in fixed capital

The volume of investments in fixed assets in Dagestan from all sources of financing for three quarters amounted to 110.5 billion rubles, or 104.6% compared to the same period in 2016. The volume of work performed in the “construction” type of activity for 11 months amounted to 99.7 billion rubles and increased by 4.7% compared to the same period in 2016.

Due to all sources of financing in Dagestan in January-November, according to preliminary data, more than 1 million 374 thousand square meters were put into operation. meters of total housing area, which is higher than the level similar period last year by 0.1%. Housing commissioning by individual developers over the past period current year amounted to 928.8 thousand sq. meters of total housing area, or 67.6% of the total volume of completed housing.

The growth rate in the volume of work performed by type of activity “Construction” for January-October in the republic was higher than the average for the Russian Federation as a whole (104.7% versus 97.9%) and for the North Caucasus Federal District (104.7% versus 102.6 %). Among the regions of the North Caucasian Federal District, the republic is in first place in terms of this indicator per capita (24 thousand rubles).

Actual financing of the Republican Investment Program as of December 1 amounted to over 3 billion 165 million rubles, including more than 2 billion 92 million rubles from funds federal budget and 1 billion 72 million rubles - republican. The volume of work performed on the Program objects for the specified period amounted to about 2 billion 859 million rubles or 90.3% of the volume of funds actually financed.

In 2017, within the framework of the Program (taking into account funding from previous years), 9 facilities were put into operation general education for 4586 student places (in Buinaksky, Kaitagsky, Tarumovsky, Tlyaratinsky, Khasavyurt, Khiva districts and in the cities of Makhachkala, Kaspiysk, Khasavyurt), 3 kindergartens for 290 places (in Buinaksky and resettlement Novolaksky districts), a sports and recreation center for 2497.5 sq. m (in the city of Kizlyar), 1 health care facility with 150 beds (Republican Perinatal Center in the city of Makhachkala), 2 artillery wells (in the Kumtorkala and Rutulsky districts), engineering infrastructure facilities in the city of Makhachkala and an embankment in the city of Derbent, measures for preparation of the reservoir bed of the Gotsatlinskaya HPP.

In addition, the construction of 6 educational facilities for 2,748 student places was completed: in Makhachkala (2 schools), in Khasavyurt (2 schools), Kumtorkala, Magaramkent districts; 2 hospitals with a total capacity of 245 beds and 100 visits per shift (in the Botlikh and Karabudakhkent districts), a pumping station (for water supply to the city of Khasavyurt and villages of the Khasavyurt district), sewage treatment facilities for 17 thousand cubic meters per day (in the city of Izberbash), engineering infrastructure objects of the Uytash investment site. These facilities will be put into operation at the beginning of 2018, taking into account the registration of ownership rights and licensing of current activities.

In 2018, over 3 billion 263 million rubles were allocated for the implementation of the Program, including 1 billion 611 million rubles from the federal budget and 1 billion 652 million rubles from the republican budget.

Social sphere

The social sphere in the republic is characterized by an increase in real disposable cash income of the population by 3.3%. The average monthly salary of employees for January-October was slightly more than 21 thousand 273 rubles, which is 5.1% more than the same period in 2016. Real wages for the past period of this year are 101.6%, which is significantly better than the same period last year (96.6%). At the same time, the average monthly wages still remains below the average for the Russian Federation as a whole (1.8 times) and the North Caucasus federal district(1.1 times).

The situation on the labor market of the republic remained stable. At the end of November, 24.8 thousand people were registered as unemployed in state employment service institutions (92.2% compared to January-November 2016).

Budget: execution and guidelines

As of December 29, the consolidated budget of Dagestan for 2017 was 100% fulfilled in terms of tax and non-tax revenues, and the receipt of almost 32 billion rubles was ensured.

As the Ministry of Economic Development of the region explains, the achievement of positive results in the collection of tax and non-tax revenues was facilitated by the activities of the priority development project of the Republic of Dagestan “Whitening” the economy.” Work was carried out to expand tax base By property taxes, increasing revenues from main types of taxes.

As a result of the work carried out in 2017, the data was updated and transferred to the database tax authorities information about 63.6 thousand land plots and 67.1 thousand capital construction projects. In addition, 14 thousand 704 business objects were examined, 4362 persons engaged in entrepreneurial activity without registration, of which 2923 entities are registered for tax purposes.

As a result of the work carried out, a significant increase in income tax revenues compared to the previous year was achieved (by 10.2% or 383 million rubles), special tax regimes(by 6.6% or 80.5 million rubles), property taxes (by 8.4% or 388.4 million rubles).

In 2017, due to the allocation of additional financial assistance to the republic from the reserve fund of the President of the Russian Federation in the amount of 3.2 billion rubles, it was possible to fully fulfill the social obligations provided for in the 2017 budget, including the payment of wages to employees budgetary sphere, benefits and others.

The 2018 budget is also socially oriented. At the same time, funds are provided to support the real sector of the economy. First of all, the budget takes into account the unconditional implementation of the “May” decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, including in terms of ensuring indicative wages for public sector employees subject to the decrees. Costs for drug provision, expenses for utility and social payments, meals in pre-school educational institutions and schools, health care institutions, etc. have been sufficiently taken into account. In addition, the budget provides for meeting the needs for wages, accruals for wages, taking into account: an increase in the minimum wage to 9,489 rubles; an increase by 4 percent in the wage fund of other categories of workers who are not subject to the “May” decrees of the President of the Russian Federation of state civil and municipal employees; indexation of scholarship fund for students educational institutions vocational education from September 1, 2018 by 4 percent. Payment costs utilities are provided with an indexation of 4 percent.

As for the real sector of the economy, the budget provides funds in the amount of 100 million rubles for leasing agricultural machinery, 50 million rubles for the development of the canning industry, 100 million rubles to pay grape producers for delivering them for processing to alcohol-producing enterprises at the rate of 1 ruble per 1 kg. In addition, for the first time, funds have been allocated for the creation of an Industrial Development Fund in the amount of 100 million rubles.

Development of municipalities

In 2017, an assessment was carried out of the implementation of Agreements concluded between the Government of the Republic of Dagestan and municipal districts and urban districts on the achievement of indicators (indicators) of accelerated social economic development for 2016, which made it possible to determine the contribution of each municipal entity to the socio-economic development of the republic. Ranking done municipal districts and urban districts based on the results of achieving the planned values ​​of indicators (indicators) of socio-economic development in 2016.

In order to continue this work, as well as ensure the achievement of the indicators (indicators) of the socio-economic development of the republic established by the Decree of the Head of the region “On the accelerated socio-economic development of the Republic of Dagestan”, Agreements were signed between the Government of Dagestan and the heads of municipal districts and city districts on achieving indicators (indicators) of socio-economic development of municipal districts and urban districts for 2017-2019. During 2017, quarterly monitoring of the implementation of these agreements was carried out, with the preparation of relevant proposals.

In 2018, quarterly monitoring of the implementation of these agreements will be continued, and an assessment of the implementation of the Agreements based on the results of 2017 will also be carried out.

In 2017, a competitive selection of projects for local initiatives of municipalities was held in Dagestan; as a result, subsidies were allocated - 29.3 million rubles - for the implementation of 15 projects. The projects include measures for water supply, construction of highways, repair of social facilities, and landscaping of territories.

In 2018, work will continue to expand the number of municipalities participating in the competitive selection of local initiative projects.

In 2017, a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of local government bodies was also carried out, city districts and municipal districts of the Republic of Dagestan that achieved the best performance indicators were identified. A summary report has been prepared on the results of monitoring the effectiveness of the activities of local governments of urban districts and municipal districts based on the results of 2016. Based on the results of the work carried out, by the Decree of the Head of Dagestan, prizes were awarded and grants were allocated from the republican budget to 15 municipalities: 3 city districts and 12 municipal districts.

Accommodation is provided in the state automated information system“Management” of indicator values ​​for assessing the effectiveness of local government bodies of urban districts and municipal districts for reporting period, as well as planned values ​​for a three-year period.

In 2018, work to assess the effectiveness of local governments in urban districts and municipal districts of Dagestan continued.

Conclusion

To ensure the growth of key economic and social indicators, last year in Dagestan, work was carried out to implement a number of measures aimed at growing the economy and improving the well-being of the population. Anti-crisis measures and action plans to promote import substitution in industry and the agro-industrial complex of the republic were implemented. The achievement of target values ​​of indicators of socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, established by the “May” decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, was ensured.

In addition, to maximize the use of Dagestan’s potential, Action Plans were implemented to implement a number of decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation.

In addition, within the framework of decisions adopted in 2016 at the federal level, work was carried out in the republic to transition to project management, taking into account the new requirements for the implementation of strategic objectives, priority projects and programs. All organs executive power focused on participation in the implementation of federal projects within 11 areas strategic development RF. The coordination group of the Council under the Head of Dagestan for sustainable development and priority projects approved the Passports of priority development projects in the Republic of Dagestan. Of the 11 main directions of strategic development of the Russian Federation, Dagestan takes part in six: safe and high-quality roads; small business and support for individual entrepreneurial initiative; education; housing and communal services urban environment; single-industry towns and reform of control and supervisory activities.

Level of socio-economic development of the Republic of Dagestan general characteristics The Dagestan region has sufficient natural production, innovative and intellectual potential to achieve the goals set in the 2020 Strategy. The main features of Dagestan are the presence of mineral springs and healing mud, the abundance and variety of beautiful landscapes of historical and natural monuments, a mild climate, an extensive sandy beach strip on the Caspian coast, a warm sea, ionized air and a unique...

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Magomedova Marita Salimsultanovna,

Lecturer, postgraduate student of the Department of Economic Disciplines

Belgorod University of Consumer Cooperation

Dagestan Cooperative Institute (branch)

Republic of Dagestan, Buinaksk

Level of socio-economic development of the Republic of Dagestan

General characteristics of the region

Dagestan has sufficient natural, production, innovation and intellectual potential to achieve the goals set in the 2020 Strategy.

The main features of Dagestan are the presence of mineral springs and healing mud, the abundance and variety of beautiful landscapes, historical and natural monuments, a mild climate, an extensive sandy beach strip on the Caspian coast, a warm sea, ionized air and the unique original culture and art of the peoples.

Dagestan is a unique corner of Russia, in which five climatic zones coexist: from subtropics in the Caspian lowland to snowy peaks over 4000 meters high. Caspian Sea, steppes and forests, deserts and glaciers.

Dagestan ranks third in terms of population among other republics of the Russian Federation, where over two million people live, which is 1.2 percent of the total population of Russia. Of these, 58 percent are residents of rural areas. The population is growing dynamically.

The main difference between Dagestan remains its multilingual population. In Dagestan, a relatively compact region, more than 60 nations and nationalities coexist, including over 30 indigenous peoples and ethnic entities, using different languages ​​and dialects.

In the Middle Ages and more distant times, the territory of Dagestan was called the “Country of Mountains”, “Country of Languages”.

With the most ancient traditions and with its own originality, unique sectors of the economy traditional for Dagestan using modern technologies can become a serious support for improving the well-being and quality of life of Dagestanis. This is quite important for planning your own agro-industrial (food and processing, etc.) production: grain, meat and dairy, fruit and vegetable production in general, horticulture, fish production, wine and cognac production. There is an opportunity to establish the production of medical drugs. Many of the traditional production sectors can be fully developed if we engage not only in lowland Dagestan, but also in the revival and development of mountainous territories. The loss of mountain life is Dagestan’s loss of its mentality, the loss of thousand-year-old traditions, the most ancient cultural way of life. An indicator of the standard of living of the population is that in many villages, even today, in the 21st century, the only asset of modern civilization is the “Ilyich light bulb” hanging alone on the ceiling. Moreover, perhaps there are still villages in the highlands that are deprived of this small heritage of civilization of the 20th century.

Dagestan, with the exception of the coastal strip, is truly a high-mountainous republic. In the full sense of the word, the high-mountain ecosystem today is in a deplorable state.

The Republic of Dagestan has significant economic potential, especially resource potential. On its territory there are deposits of combustible minerals. Agriculture and industry also have great potential. The most significant industries are viticulture, horticulture, livestock breeding, grain growing, and, accordingly, fuel, processing industries and mechanical engineering.

In general, the Republic of Dagestan has a certain potential for socio-economic development, which is currently not fully realized.

Based on the results of socio-economic development for the first half of the year, Dagestan was among the 14 successful regions of the country. This is a huge success, and the successes in the fields of culture, art, science, and sports are especially impressive.

The republic has every opportunity to accelerate the socio-economic development of the republic. Currently, 13 special economic zones are being built in Russia. This begs the question, where will Russia find a more favorable economic zone than Dagestan? The border, southernmost republic in the south of Russia should be a special economic zone.

Main problems of socio-economic development of the region

But, despite the positive trends emerging in last years, there are also a number of socio-economic problems. The main ones are the high level of unemployment and poverty of the population.

These problems are limiting factors economic growth, hinder the implementation of effective economic policy in the republic, and negatively affect the socio-political situation in the region.

As a result, in terms of GRP and industrial production per capita among the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Dagestan is in the last ten, and the level of provision of consolidated budget expenditures with its own income is 20.7%.

To overcome the current discrepancy, it is necessary to use the existing production and raw material potential as efficiently as possible. Achieving this goal is possible by solving a number of accumulated problems in priority sectors economy of the republic.

The agro-industrial complex is the main link in the republic's economy. Despite the increase in agricultural production in recent years and some improvement financial condition agricultural enterprises, general position agricultural producers remains quite difficult.

Among the main problems of development of the agro-industrial complex of the republic one can also name: high stakes taxation and interest rates on loans, underdeveloped market infrastructure - markets for agricultural products and food, equipment, a decrease in the natural potential of the industry - soil fertility, agricultural land, breeding livestock, low efficiency of use of arable land.

Constraining factors for the development of the industry are: low level of mechanization, significant wear and tear (up to 70%) of the current fleet of agricultural machinery, high prices for new equipment, insufficient development of leasing of equipment and machinery in the agro-industrial complex, backward technologies of agricultural production and others.

Product manufacturers do not have sufficient income to conduct production on an expanded basis, maintain and update the material base and social infrastructure, pay with suppliers and contractors in a timely manner. Most farms do not have their own working capital.

If the republic has its own raw material base, food products are imported and imported from other regions of Russia. The level of development of agricultural infrastructure (warehouses, storage facilities, refrigerators) does not ensure the safety of the harvested crop.

The existing potential of food industry enterprises does not allow for deep processing of the entire volume of agricultural products grown in the republic, which determines the need for reconstruction and technical re-equipment of processing industry enterprises.

The problems of the fishing industry are associated with a decrease in the efficiency of fish hatcheries, as well as the natural reproduction of fish, the penetration of the Black Sea jellyfish into the Caspian Sea, which destroys the food supply of fish, a decrease in the area of ​​spawning grounds, the expansion of uncontrolled, irrational fishing, and pollution. environment. As a result, the fish catch over the past 10 years has decreased by 4 times, and the capacity utilization of the fish canning industry is only 15-20%.

Despite the stable growth in industrial production in recent years, the level of industry development does not correspond to the region’s potential and its needs.

Heavy financial position enterprises, chronic shortage of working capital, unavailability of credit resources, rising production costs have led to low percentage use of production capacity.

State of the art transport infrastructure doesn't answer modern requirements. A significant part of the industry's fixed assets is operated beyond its standard service life. As a result, safety indicators and economic efficiency of transport are significantly deteriorating, and transport costs of the national economy are growing.

Solving the listed problems in economic and social spheres require an integrated program approach.

Promising directions of socio-economic development of the Republic of Dagestan

The main directions of socio-economic development of the Republic of Dagestan are reducing the overall unemployment rate from 22.5% in 2003 to 14.0% in 2010, reducing the poverty level from 52.7% in 2003 to 21.0% in 2010, GRP growth by 2.6 times, real income citizens by 2.3 times.

Achieving this goal determines the need for a comprehensive solution to a number of interrelated main tasks:

1. Improving the regulatory legal framework of the republic.

2. Creation of a favorable investment environment and business climate, necessary conditions for the development of the agro-industrial complex, industry, small business, overcoming administrative barriers, strengthening the investment infrastructure of the stock and insurance markets, protection of the rights of investors, creditors, owners, reducing the share of the shadow sector of the economy, effective use of government support instruments.

3. Ensuring GRP growth by 12-14% per year, growth tax revenue into budgets of all levels.

4. Improving the quality of life of the population, solving key social problems, implementation of housing policy, reduction of social tension.

Conclusion: Based on the above, we propose:

Solve the problem of the underdevelopment of the republic’s agricultural infrastructure and improve the agro-industrial complex;

Organize a wholesale livestock market with special centers for providing comprehensive services;

Create a similar wholesale market for agricultural products and food with a logical center and extensive infrastructure;

In each region of the Republic of Dagestan, according to the project, a regional agricultural center is to be formed, which would be subordinate to the regional center. These centers would collaborate with manufacturers at different levels, in particular, prepare materials for projects organizing a system of processing and marketing products of small farms and personal subsidiary farms, as the primary link in the marketing chain of agricultural products. Improvement occupies a special place market relations participants of the grape and horticultural complexes;

Create a network of wholesale fruit and vegetable markets in large cities. Manufacturers of these products at different levels, with the support of the state, using the services of agricultural centers, will have the opportunity to freely sell goods;

Develop forward lending to grain producers and livestock enterprises. Forward transactions combine the production volumes and credit limits required for the region. When purchasing a forward contract, the borrowing company receives an unconditional guarantee to receive credit resources in the future according to the stipulated interest rate and in a certain quantity. After providing loans for the production of a specific type of product in full (necessary at the level of aggregate demand) banks will stop lending to this type of product and will continue to lend for others (for which the limits will not be exhausted). Like a security, a forward contract can be resold to another legal entity, but only in agreement with the issuing bank, which determines the creditworthiness of this person;

In livestock farming, enterprises at all levels can use their own feed base using waste processing enterprises and purchases of concentrated feed. Agricultural centers can facilitate connections between livestock breeding and processing enterprises;

Develop the construction of new facilities for raising cattle, establishing meat and dairy production, associated with processing plants;

Purchase small equipment for the needs of the mountains or produce it in industrial enterprises of Dagestan, which, without much damage, can be reoriented to the creation of small agricultural equipment.

The development of the mountains and the consolidation of the indigenous population there seems to us to be one of the most important economic and political tasks of our republic. The republic has the necessary energy and material resources to create such equipment. The Rosselkhozbank branch alone invested 12 billion in the republic’s economy.

List of references

1. Eldarov M.M. Geography of the Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Tutorial for secondary school in physical and economic geography of the DASSR. M.:, 1972.

2. T.G.Morozova, M.P.Pobedina, S.S.Shishkov. Economic geography of Russia: Textbook. - M.: Unity, 2000.

3. Stepanov M.V., Vidyapin M.V. Economic geography of Russia: Textbook. M.: Infra, 2005.

4. Investment potential Republic of Dagestan. Catalog. Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Dagestan. Makhachkala, 2008.

5. Landa K.G. The Republic of Dagestan in the geostrategy of Russia in the Caspian Sea: Diss. - M.: , 2002.

6. Israpilov S. Main results of the socio-economic and political development of Dagestan in the 20th century. - Makhachkala, 2002.

7. Alkhlaev M.M. Shadow economy as a threat to the economic security of the Republic of Dagestan. - M.: Art-Business Center, 2001.

8. Israpilov S. Dagestan at the beginning of the 21st century - some problems and historical prospects. - Makhachkala, 2002.

9. Kisriev E.F. Ethnopolitical situation in the Republic of Dagestan/ RAS. Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology. - M., 1994.

10. Abdulatipov A.M. Terrorism in Dagestan: Criminological research / Abdulatipov A.M., Saigitov U.T.; M-internal Affairs Rep. Dagestan, Dagest. state univ. - Makhachkala, 2002.

11. Mudunova A. Yu. Problems and prospects for attracting foreign direct investment in the economy of the Republic of Dagestan. - M.: MAKS Press, 2003.

12. Abdullaeva Z.B. Regional features of the development of primary schools with a multi-ethnic composition of students: On the example of the Republic of Dagestan: Dissertation - Makhachkala, 2003.

13. Abuev N.M. Formation and management of the strategy for socio-economic development of a problem region: On the example of the Republic of Dagestan: Dissertation - St. Petersburg, 2002.

14. Program of economic and social development of the Republic of Dagestan for the period until 2010. Approved by the Law of the Republic of Dagestan dated 03.12. 2004 No. 35. 2004.

15. Totorkulov Sh.M. Theoretical issues of managing the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Federation (using the example of the North Caucasus): Monograph. - M., 2003.

16. Abdurakhmanov M.A. Problems of formation and development of peasant (farm) farms in the Republic of Dagestan. - Makhachkala, 2003.

17. Collection of legislation of the Republic of Dagestan No. 6, 2006.

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The Republic of Dagestan is one of the most economically developed regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. In 2011, the volume of the gross regional product of the Republic amounted to 327 billion rubles; over the past 7 years, the volume of GRP has increased more than 3 times. As part of the total volume of the gross regional product of Russia, the Republic of Dagestan specific gravity in terms of GRP volume also had an upward trend from 0.02% in 2005 to 0.3% in 2011. In the Russian Federation, in terms of GRP volume, Dagestan ranks 37th, among the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District - 2nd place, second only to the Stavropol Territory.

Dynamics of the volume of gross regional product by region of the North Caucasian Federal District, billion rubles.

GRP production for the period from 2005 to 2011 had a steady trend towards active growth: GRP (in comparable prices) in 2011 increased by 26% compared to 2009, and by 3.6 times compared to 2005. However, in the period 2007-2010. there was a trend towards a reduction in the real GRP of the Republic of Dagestan, the largest drop of which occurred in 2010 (the index of physical volume of GRP was 103.6%), however, starting from 2011, there was an increase in the index, exceeding similar indicators on average for the federal district and the Russian Federation in in general.

GRP physical volume index, %

Per capita, the volume of gross regional product produced in Dagestan increased by 3.3 times compared to 2005 and amounted to 111.9 thousand rubles. in 2011, which corresponds to 3rd place among the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. In the Russian Federation, Dagestan ranks 74th in terms of GRP production per capita. In terms of per capita GRP, the republic is comparable to the Ivanovo region, North Ossetia, Tyva and Kabardino-Balkaria.

Gross regional product per capita by regions of the North Caucasus Federal District, thousand rubles.

In the sectoral structure of the formation of gross added value of the Republic of Dagestan, relative to similar indicators for the federal district and Russia as a whole, one can distinguish distinctive features, allowing us to characterize the region’s economy as agrarian-industrial:

The share of the agriculture, fishing and fish farming sector in the region's GRP is 15.1% (NCFD - 14.6%, Russian Federation - 4.5%).

The share of industrial products in GRP is 6.5% (NCFD - 14%, Russian Federation - 32.6%).

Share in GRP construction industry is 19.4% (NCFD – 12.3, RF – 6.9%).

The share of wholesale, retail trade and personal services in GRP is 27% (NCFD - 22, RF - 19.4%).

The share in GRP of transport and communications is 9% (NCFD - 8.7%, Russian Federation - 10.5%).

Share of commercial financial services, real estate transactions, as well as the service and tourism sectors is 6.9% (NCFD - 7.3%, Russian Federation - 13%).

The share of non-market services in GRP is 16.1% (NCFD - 21.1, Russian Federation - 13.1%).

Industry structure of gross value added in 2010, %

The largest contribution to the formation of the gross regional product of the Republic of Dagestan is made by “wholesale and retail trade, provision of household services to the population”, the share of their added value in the economy over the year increased by 1.1% and in 2011 amounted to 27.3% of the total GRP (in 2005 – 19.8%). The growth was achieved mainly due to an increase in the turnover of the “wholesale trade” activity by 2.3 times. Retail trade turnover and provision of services to the population increased during the study period by 12.9% and 10.2%, respectively; real value added also increased by 10.1%. The contribution of the activity “wholesale and retail trade, provision of household services to the population” to the region’s GRP is constantly growing, and compared to 2005, its share increased from 19.8% to 27.3%, in actual current prices the increase was almost 5 times , from 17.9 billion rubles in 2005 to 89.3 billion rubles in 2011.

Structure of gross regional product by type of economic activity in 2011, %

The second most important for the economy of Dagestan are construction and agricultural sector, providing 18.8% and 15.2%, respectively, in the formation of the gross regional product. Compared to 2010, the share of agriculture in the structure of GRP increased by 0.1%, while at the same time there was a slight drop in construction by 0.6%. During the period 2005-2011. the influence of these sectors of the economy has also changed significantly, if in 2005 the construction sector formed 12.6% of GRP, then already in 2011 - 18.8%; agriculture, on the contrary, decreased its influence from 23.6% in 2005 to 15.2% in 2011. At the same time, the real volume of added value created in the construction industry and agriculture compared to 2010 increased by 0.3 % and by 2.4%, respectively. Comparing 2011 with 2005, the real volume of added value decreased from 108.1% to 106.3% in agriculture and from 145.8% to 108.3% in construction.

Dynamics of indices of physical volume of gross value added,%

Branch of the economy	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Agriculture	108,1	105,2	105,2	103,3	104,4	103,9	106,3
Fishing and fish farming	76,8	80,3	101,1	169,8	132,9	100,4	96,3
Industry	81,4	98,6	106,2	94,2	110,1	103	100,5
Construction	145,8	127,8	130,1	126,5	115,6	108	108,3
Transport and communications	109,3	119,1	105,9	116,2	97,8	94,2	109,9
Trade	132,6	124,2	133,2	114,6	116,5	101,6	111,7
Services in the field of finance, real estate, services and tourism	28,6	89,1	86,3	81,4	65,5	114,7	85,7
Off-market services	109	105	105,8	98,6	103,8	101,8	102,3

Agriculture, construction and trade together form 57.7% of added value in the region, the share of other sectors and their contribution to the formation of the economy of the Republic of Dagestan in terms of types of economic activity is not so significant and ranges from 8.8% (“transport and communications” ) up to 0.1% (“financial activities”). During the period under study, the share of these industries was not subject to significant deviations, which indicates a stable economic situation.

Structure of the gross regional product by type of economic activity (as a percentage of the total)

Index	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	2010	2011
Total	100	100	100	100	100	100	100
including by type of economic activity:
Agriculture, hunting and forestry	23,5	19,8	15,8	15,4	15,0	15,0	15,1
Fishing, fish farming	0,1	0,0	0,0	0,0	0,1	0,1	0,1
Mining	1,9	1,1	0,9	0,6	0,4	0,5	0,5
Manufacturing industries	5,8	3,9	4,7	3,2	3,7	4,3	4,2
Production and distribution of electricity, gas and water	2,1	1,8	3,8	3,4	1,7	1,7	1,9
Construction	12,6	15,8	17,0	19,7	20,1	19,4	18,8
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles, motorcycles, household products and items personal use	19,8	21,4	25,3	23,6	26,7	27,0	27,3
Hotels and restaurants	1,6	1,8	2,9	3,9	3,3	3,8	4,6
Transport and communications	14,2	13,9	8,5	11,0	10,3	9,0	8,8
Financial activities	0,0	0,0	0,0	0,0	0,2	0,2	0,1
Operations with real estate, rental and provision of services	2,6	2,9	3,8	2,9	2,0	2,9	2,6
Public administration and ensuring military security; compulsory social security	4,1	6,3	6,4	5,9	6,0	6,1	6,1
Education	5,7	5,6	5,3	4,9	5,0	4,9	4,8
Health and social service provision	3,6	3,8	3,9	3,9	4,0	3,9	3,9
Provision of other utility, social and personal services	2,4	1,9	1,7	1,6	1,4	1,2	1,2

In the structure of areas of GRP use, its main share falls on final consumption expenditures - in 2012, 70.2% of the total volume, of which 75.4% falls on final consumption of households. In general, for the period 2005-2012. there was a steady increase in the use of gross internal product both for final consumption and gross capital formation. 15

Dynamics of the use of gross domestic product, billion rubles