When applying for a loan, a person is sure of solvency and timely repayment of the loan. But over time, it turns out that payments in the current volume overload family budget. Over time, delays arise, the bank accrues fines and penalties, which leads to even greater problems. To avoid this situation, you should immediately contact the bank and find a way out. If this is not done, the case will go to court or transfer the debt to collectors. Below we will consider how to reduce the payment on the loan and cope with obligations on time.

Composition of debt

By issuing loans, a financial institution earns, increases liquidity and solvency. The appearance of debtors leads to the failure of an established system and damages the creditor. To protect the interests, the bank introduces financial penalties for customers. It consists of the following elements - penalties and accrued interest:

• Penalty - a fine that is charged on the amount of the debt and has no size limits.
• Interest - accruals, which are of 3 types. They are charged for using the loan, for the amount of debt and for delay.

The main part of the loan debt is a penalty, which the borrower first of all tries to reduce by going to court. With regard to interest, it is more difficult to achieve their reduction through the courts.

Loan payments can be reduced in the following ways:

1. Restructuring. If the borrower sees that he cannot cope with debt obligations, and monthly payment overstated, he has the right to come to the bank and inform him about the situation. The result may be an extension of the loan term with a decrease in monthly payments, or a refusal by the lender. In the first case, a new schedule is drawn up, taking into account the changes made, after which the client continues to pay off the loan. In the second, you will have to look for other ways to reduce payments (they will be discussed below). In practice, if a person himself asked to revise the contract, the bank will meet halfway. Otherwise, he will receive a new debtor and additional problems in debt collection.
2. Refinancing. If the option of restructuring to reduce the payment did not pass, it is worth examining the terms of lending from other banks. If you have a program with a rate lower by 2-3 percent or more (compared to the old loan), you should come to the current credit institution and notify it of your intention to refinance the loan. Next, you need to collect a package of papers, apply for a loan at a new bank and wait for the old debt to be paid off. This method allows you to reduce loan payments, reduce the loan term and overpayment.
3. Postponement (credit holidays). If the organization does not go for restructuring, and it is not possible to find a profitable refinancing program, you should ask the lender for a delay. To achieve a positive result, it is worth presenting to the bank evidence of the problems that have arisen - a copy of the labor, a certificate from the hospital, and so on.
   If the financial institution meets halfway, the following solutions are possible - a deferral of the body of the loan (interest will still have to be paid), determining a specific percentage for payment (taken from the standard monthly amount).
4. Currency exchange. If a person has taken out a loan foreign currency(dollars or euros) 3-4 years ago, a previously profitable loan becomes an unbearable burden. The reason - a sharp drop in the exchange rate national currency, because of which payments in rubles increase significantly. Currency exchange is beneficial for borrowers, but banks are in no hurry to take such a step, because it reduces their profits. Despite this, it is necessary to make an attempt. To convince the bank, you need to fill out an application and transfer papers confirming the inability to pay on a foreign currency loan. To avoid such incidents in the future, it is worth applying for a loan in the same currency in which the salary is calculated.
5. Appeal to the court. If the considered options for reducing the payment did not work, there is only one way out - litigation. With the right approach to business, it is possible to write off the penalty and get favorable terms for repaying the loan (more on that below).

To whom do credit institutions reduce the amount of the monthly payment?

The first thing to do is to contact the bank with a request to revise the conditions loan agreement. A financial institution, as a rule, goes to meet the borrower in the presence of a positive credit history and no delinquency on the loan. If it is not possible to make a full payment on the loan, you should come to the bank before the date of the next payment. But one positive CI is not enough. The borrower must document financial difficulties:

• The fact of dismissal is confirmed by information from the work book.
• The salary reduction can be seen from the 2-personal income tax certificate.
• Loss of working capacity is reflected in the certificate from the doctor and so on.

The reasons why the bank does not meet halfway are negative CI and the absence of papers confirming financial difficulties.

Generally speaking, to reduce the amount of the payment, the following documents are needed:

• Passport.
• Application for debt restructuring.
• Papers under the loan agreement, confirming the absence of delays in payment.
• Papers confirming financial problems (discussed above).
• Other documentation as required by the financial institution.

If the lender refused to restructure, you should contact another bank and refinance the loan. If you find a program with a lower rate and apply for a loan, credit conditions may improve. As noted above, with the help of refinancing, it is often possible to reduce the size of the loan payment, achieve a reduction in the term and total amount of the overpayment.

Subtleties of recalculation

If the borrower pays a smaller amount, the credit institution, as a rule, directs the funds to pay fines (penalties), and then to pay off interest and the body of the loan. Such an approach is contrary to the current legislation. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Article 319) states that the amount transferred by the borrower must go first to pay the services of the creditor, then to interest on the loan, and lastly to pay off the debt. If it comes to litigation, the court will take the side of the creditor. It does not matter if the repayment scheme is differentiated or an annuity payment.

If the bank has gone to reduce the amount of the monthly payment, a new loan payment schedule is drawn up, taking into account the amendments made. To obtain such a paper, you should contact the nearest branch.

If you have a debt in a bank, you should consider the following tips:

• Credit institutions are more willing to meet salary customers or borrowers who have a bank deposit. In addition, there will be more trust in a person with a positive credit history.
• If it was not possible to get a better loan in “your” bank, you should contact other institutions. At the same time, you must have a 2-NDFL certificate on hand, confirming the presence of a stable income. In this case, it is possible to "win back" 1.5-2 additional percent.
• It is more profitable to issue a target loan than a consumer loan.
• Don't rush to apply for a loan. The longer the lender checks the client, the more favorable the interest rates.
• Sometimes The best decision- pay for goods or services credit card and then pay off the debt Grace period. But it is worth considering that when withdrawing cash, you will have to pay a commission.
• To reduce monthly payments on a loan, it is worth paying a large amount (if possible). In this case, the bank will recalculate interest.

Debt reduction in court

If it was not possible to amicably solve the problem of reducing payments, it comes to judicial authority. The question is whether there are chances of success in the presence of debt on a mortgage or car loan, and how to reduce the loan amount in court. It is easy to implement what you have planned. The main thing is not to make mistakes at the stage of debt repayment. Some borrowers stop paying their loans, pay only interest, or pay their obligations only when “free money” appears. Each of the situations is a direct failure to fulfill obligations to the bank, which leads to the accrual of penalties and an increase in debt.

In order to prevent the transfer of the case to collectors, it is worth getting ahead of the creditor and going to court. It is important to understand that a financial institution violates the contract no less than the borrower. Benefits of filing a claim:

• Temporary suspension of interest and penalties.
• Re-registration of the contract on favorable terms (if supporting documents are available).
• Write-off of penalties and accrued interest (in some cases).

The main thing is to show yourself as a responsible borrower. At the same time, it is worth remembering the consequences. The court does not always meet the needs of borrowers and reduces payments. There may be situations when, following the results of the meeting, a person will have to pay with the bank. In this case, bailiffs are involved in the case.

Results

Above, we looked at how to reduce a payment at Sberbank, VTB24 and other financial institutions. The principles of pre-trial and trial proceedings are identical for all credit institutions. The main thing is to pay off debts on time, and if difficulties arise, try to resolve the situation peacefully and by reducing payments.

Delay and non-payment of loan payments is regarded as a failure to fulfill obligations to the bank. If you have any difficulties, it is better to contact the bank in advance, when there is no debt yet, and indicate the reason in a written statement. Most often they are associated with a decrease in income, serious health problems, family circumstances.

When applying to a credit institution, the application must not only indicate the grounds, but also confirm them with relevant documents (certificate of salary reduction from the place of work, copies of orders, health certificate). All documents are carefully checked.

How can I reduce the payment on a bank loan? How to write a statement and where to apply with it - we will consider in the material presented.

Legal ways to reduce monthly payments to the bank

You can change the monthly loan payment down as a result of restructuring and refinancing. In the first case, the term of the agreement concluded earlier is terminated and a new agreement is signed with amendments to credit terms. Sometimes the previous contract remains valid, to which an additional agreement is drawn up.

Note! Restructuring has both the advantage of reducing the amount of monthly payments, and the disadvantages of increasing the amount of overpayment on the loan, increasing the repayment period.

On the issue of restructuring a loan, a decision is not always made in favor of the borrower, since receiving a penalty for late payments is more beneficial for the lender. In order to make a positive decision to provide such a service, the borrower must have a good credit history and a clear plan for solving the financial problems that have arisen. In such a situation, the creditor may grant the request.

If the bank refuses to change the terms of the agreement and reduce the monthly installments on the loan, you can try to resolve the issue by refinancing. This procedure consists in obtaining a new loan from another bank to repay the old loan.

Its advantage is that new loan may be provided on more favorable terms. Maybe:

• interest rate reduction;
• reduction in the amount of monthly contributions;
• loan repayments in other currencies.

However, the service has its drawbacks. Banks usually refuse to refinance loans with a term of less than 6 months, and the amount of debt remaining to be repaid is less than 30 thousand rubles.

When contacting a bank on the issue of reducing monthly payments, it is necessary to consider:

• late payments may be the reason for refusal;
• in the case of lending under express programs, it is impossible to reduce loan payments;
• offer to the borrower credit holidays as a temporary way to defer payments;
• restrictions on loan restructuring (the service can be used 1 time).

What documents are needed to reduce the amount of the loan payment?

To reduce the loan payment, the following documents must be submitted to the bank:

• application in the form of a questionnaire;
• passport to confirm citizenship of the Russian Federation;
• certificate of the established form (2-NDFL);
• loan agreement;
• documents that indicate the debt and the balance of the principal debt;
• collateral documents (for mortgage lending).

When applying to the bank with a statement, the borrower may ask to reduce the interest rate; provide an installment plan; establish credit holidays.

In what cases can the monthly payment under the loan agreement be reduced?

The bank may reduce the monthly payment on the loan if there are the following reasons:

• illness of the borrower or his close relative;
• pregnancy of a client who received a loan from a bank, as well as the client's spouse;
• other good reasons.

To reduce the loan payment due to the deterioration financial position you must provide the bank with supporting documents (copy of work book, certificate of temporary disability, salary reduction, a copy of the certificate of disability).

New loan payment schedule

When drawing up the schedule, the date of making payments on the loan is determined. If the established date creates inconvenience for the client, he can apply to the bank to set a new schedule. The borrower will need to fill out a special application.

When restructuring, a new schedule is also set in connection with an increase in the loan term, a change in currency, or the replacement of a scheme that is usually used to repay debts with an annuity (even distribution of payments over the entire period on the principal amount, as well as on interest accrued on the principal debt ). When changing the debt repayment schedule to the loan agreement, an agreement must be additionally drawn up.

How to reduce a payment on a loan at Sberbank?

Reducing the loan payment at Sberbank is possible by:

• partial early repayment of the loan, in which the total loan term is not reduced;
• restructuring;
• refinancing;
• requesting a reduction in interest rates. To get a positive response, it is better to apply during a period of active reduction in borrowing rates in the market.

Deferral of payment on a loan in Sberbank

It is worth contacting Sberbank with a request for a loan holiday if the financial situation worsens during the period of repayment of the loan debt.

In this case, you can get the following types of deferred payments:

• 12 months under loan agreements for up to 2 years;
• 2 years when applying for a loan for a period of 25 to 60 months.

Note! The deferment is provided only for the principal debt, and the interest on the loan in Sberbank is paid on an urgent basis.

To do this, you must write a statement in any form, in which you must indicate your details and the circumstances that have arisen.

How to get a loan from Sberbank with a deferred payment for a year?

You can get a deferred payment for a specified period when applying for almost all loans. For this you need:

• apply to Sberbank with a passport and a loan agreement;
• explain to the specialist the reason why the client is not able to pay monthly contributions. For example, loss of a job, difficult circumstances (illness, natural disasters) leading to unforeseen costs;
• provide evidence confirming temporary disability;
• fill out an application when the bank makes a positive decision.

Transferring the date of payment on a loan in Sberbank

The date of payment is specified in the loan agreement, and is also indicated in the loan repayment schedule. It is prohibited to transfer it unilaterally, as this is considered a change in the terms of the agreement.

Therefore, in order to resolve this issue, it is necessary:

• apply to a credit institution;
• write a statement explaining the essence of the problem and the reasons for changing the conditions;
• sign the document and send it to the manager.

The borrower is informed of the decision by phone. You can positively resolve the issue of reducing the loan payment by contacting our lawyers. Qualified specialists will help to make everything Required documents, as well as advise on the choice of the most advantageous way reducing loan payments, which will solve the problem as soon as possible and reduce possible costs to a minimum.

ATTENTION! In connection with latest changes in legislation, the information in the article could be out of date! Our lawyer will advise you free of charge - write in the form below.

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Money problems can arise for any of us. When taking on credit obligations, no one thinks about the bad, and most citizens are honestly going to pay and repay the debt in full. When financial problems have already arisen, some borrowers begin to wonder if it is possible to reduce the interest on an existing loan at least a little.

Interest rate calculation

To understand the process, you must first understand how exactly the bank calculates interest rates. Three main factors are usually taken into account:

1. Banking risks.

In any case, the banking structure understands that a certain percentage of customers will not repay the debt. If a particular borrower provides fewer documents, especially papers confirming his solvency, he will be offered an inflated interest rate.

2. Lending period.

If the borrower wants to get a loan for long term, the bank runs the risk of not receiving borrowed funds due to illness, disability, dismissal from work, and finally the death of the client. All loan agreements with a loan term of less than 3 years are concluded at a lower interest rate.

3. Key rates Central Bank of Russia.

These are factors that customers cannot influence. But just for financial structures they are the most important.

Taking into account all the above factors, banks may increase interest rates in each case, depending on the period for which the loan is issued and the financial situation of the client. Delays in payments also affect the amount of interest. If the borrower wants to influence the amount of interest deductions, one of the ways out may be to go to court.

Judicial procedure for reducing interest rates on loans

A large number of debtors, thinks about how to reduce payments or completely remove interest on existing loans. The first thing to say is that it is impossible to completely cancel interest on a loan. It would break the whole essence of banking relations. Interest represents the profit of financial institutions, due to which they exist. This is a kind of payment for the use of bank funds by the borrower.

What then can be canceled by a court decision? For example, penalties in case of termination of the loan agreement or improper performance by the client of the obligations assigned to him. Such a procedure is rather complicated. It is also possible to lower interest rates on loans. Typically, such a measure is used by lawyers if the bank decided to sue the citizen due to non-payment of debts.

The borrower will be required to provide the court with evidence that the credit institution has somewhat overestimated the interest for using bank loan. The court will carefully consider the materials submitted to it, and if the interest rate is really too high, the bank will be prohibited from charging such high percent from the debtor. However, the borrower will be required to pay interest at the new, established refinancing rates.

In practice, situations arise when a judge, when studying banking agreement may qualify it as an accession agreement. What does it mean? One of the parties to the contract prescribed certain conditions, such as additional payments and services that the client does not need. And the other side could not refuse them just because they were registered as mandatory conditions without the accession of which the treaty cannot be signed in its entirety.

Such agreements in fact violate the rights of the client (joining parties). The bank during the trial will be obliged by the court to change the terms of the contract and lower the interest rates on the loan.

Pre-trial methods to reduce interest rates

A deceived client may not wait until it comes to litigation, but try to resolve all issues with the bank amicably. There are 3 absolutely legal methods that allow you to reduce interest on existing loans:

1. Debt restructuring.

2. Loan refinancing.

3. Loan repayment before the end of the term.

The first method is considered the most effective. Bank employees can enter into the position of the client if he informed them in time about the financial difficulties that had arisen. Then it is possible for the debtor to revise the payment schedule, or to provide special "holidays" for the loan. However, there must be really serious reasons for this. For example, deprivation of earnings and problems with finding a suitable job, a serious illness, confirmed by medical certificates.

Refinancing consists in issuing a new loan on more favorable terms for the client than the old one. At the same time, you should avoid pitfalls and carefully study the conditions offered by the bank. For example, often the borrower is required to insure his life. Don't agree like that. Additional services, because then refinancing will not make sense, and no savings will be observed.

We offer you 6 simple tips that will help you save significantly on the interest rate. Many borrowers, inspired by a positive response to the loan, agree to any conditions and sign the contract, almost without looking. As a result, for several years they have to overpay high interest. And you could spend a little more time and choose the most profitable product, reduce interest and the overall overpayment.

1. Contact the payroll bank

Payroll clients, when applying for a loan at the same bank, can apply for preferential terms- with higher limit and lower rate. What is it connected with?

Participants' risk level salary project much lower than for off-street clients. You do not need to bring 2-NDFL certificates and copies of the work book. The bank already knows at what enterprise the borrower works and how much he receives. He can also assess the solvency and track how the employee's salary has changed.

If the salary bank does not give any privileges on loans, you can change it to another credit institution. In 2014, amendments to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation came into force, which allow Russian citizens to independently choose a bank for receiving monthly salary.

This method of reducing the credit burden is relevant for.

Interest rates for payroll clients in 2019:

No. p / p	Bank	Annual interest rate
1		11,9%
2		9,9%
3		7,9%
4		8,99%
5		11,99%
6		9,9%
7		10,9%
8		10,9%

2. Borrow a large amount

The overpayment depends mainly on the approved amount, and to a lesser extent - on the income level of the client. Such restrictions are imposed by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Credit organisation cannot determine rates solely at its discretion. It should be based on the average cost of the loan.

If we analyze the data of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation for the 3rd quarter of 2018, it can be noted that loans up to 30 thousand rubles. - the most expensive, from 300 thousand rubles. - the cheapest.

Based on the data in the table, it can be seen that it is most profitable to issue for up to 1 year. Let's say you needed 250k, annual interest for such an amount will be higher than 14.98%. Borrow from 300 thousand rubles. at 11.92%, and return the excess amount ahead of schedule with the first payment. The monthly payment will be recalculated and become even less.

3. Invite guarantors

A guarantor is a person who is ready to confirm the solvency of the client and undertake to pay the debt instead of him (if the borrower loses this opportunity). The guarantee of third parties reduces the risks for the bank, therefore, the rates on such loans are 1-2% lower than on standard loans (without collateral).

It is very difficult to find a person who will vouch for you. It is better for such purposes to involve the next of kin - parents or spouse. In order not to let people down, objectively assess your payment options and ask for exactly the amount that you can definitely return.

4. Go to a bank that has already taken out loans

For a loan, first of all, you should go to the organization where you have previously issued a loan or card. A client who fulfilled his obligations without significant violations and delays is considered reliable and verified. The Bank is interested in such borrowers, therefore it offers the most attractive products. As a rule, such clients are regularly sent SMS notifications about pre-approved loans on special terms.

5. Get insurance

Life, health and disability insurance of the client is an optional service. A credit institution does not have the right to reject an application just because the applicant refused insurance policy. However, agreeing to this service increases the level of confidence on the part of the bank and guarantees a reduction in the interest rate by 1-2 percent.

On the one hand, insurance reduces the interest rate, and on the other hand, you will also have to pay for it (the policy costs an average of 0.6-0.7% per month of the amount). In fact, the commission is really reduced, but the cost of insurance covers all the savings.

6. Differentiated repayment schedule

This method does not reduce the interest rate, but reduces the amount of the monthly payment. When paying off a debt annuity payments The client pays the same amount every month. But at the beginning of the term, mostly only interest is repaid, the body of the loan remains unchanged. That is, the interest rate for several years is charged on an almost unchanged amount of the principal debt.

By differentiated system the debt is broken down into a number of payments and the borrower repays part of the loan and interest every month. The rate after each repayment will be charged on a smaller amount, so the overpayment is constantly decreasing.

To date, there are almost no banks left that are ready to give loans with differentiated repayment. But before signing the contract, anyway, check with the employee whether this option is possible. The difference in the overpayment is possible.

Other ways to reduce the rate

The interest rate can be reduced not only at the stage of registration, but also on an existing loan. For example, by . For this you need:

• Contact the bank if the interest rate has dropped significantly since the transaction was made and do it. For example, in 2014 you borrowed money at 12%, and today the bank offers a mortgage at 9.5%.
• Write an application to the bank with a competent justification of your request.
• Attach commercial offers from other banks with more favorable rates. The bank will have to choose: either reduce the interest and lose part of the income, or lose a permanent borrower who is ready to refinance in another organization.

Another way to reduce the commission is to agree to a comprehensive service. The goal is to become a valuable customer who actively uses the bank's products.

The comprehensive package includes issuing a card, participating in promotions, opening an account, etc.

Often financial institutions conduct promotions, attracting customers with good discounts and minimum requirements. Important not to miss profitable proposition. Therefore, before incurring debt obligations, carefully monitor the current credit programs and compare conditions in different banks.

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