Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Frankfurt Stock Exchange Services trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange

The history of the exchange dates back to the adoption by traders in 1585 of uniform exchange rates in Frankfurt am Main, which by that time had already become a major European trading city.

The Frankfurt Stock Exchange has held a leading position in Germany since 1949. At the end of the 1980s, Deutsche Borse united several German exchanges under its wing, including Frankfurt.

In 1988, the DAX index was introduced to the public, which was a list of 30 leading German blue chip companies traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. This list includes such world leaders in their industries as Siemens, Adidas, BMW, Volkswagen Group, Bayer, Metro, Henkel. The operator of the site is Deutsche Boerse Group AG. It was transferred to the control of the Deutsche Boerse Group, created on its basis, in 1993.

Perhaps I’ll start with a small lyrical digression. The Frankfurt Stock Exchange (FSE) is one of the oldest in the world, its origins date back almost to the 11th century. Today it is the main German stock exchange, which provides 90% of stock trading volumes in Germany and more than 60% of turnover in the European Union.

History of the exchange

The roots of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange go back to medieval trade fairs of the 11th century, although some historians point to the 9th century as the beginning of organized trading. In the 16th century, Frankfurt developed into a wealthy and vibrant city with an economy based on trade and financial services.

In 1585, an exchange was created to establish fixed exchange rates for currencies, which is considered the "birth" of the stock exchange. Over the next centuries, Frankfurt developed into one of the world's first stock exchanges, along with London and Paris. Bankers such as Mayer Amschel Rothschild and Max Warburg had a significant influence on financial trading Frankfurt.

It was not until 1949, after World War II, that the Frankfurt Stock Exchange finally established itself as the leading stock exchange in Germany.

During the 1990s, the FSE was also the base for the New Market as part of the worldwide "dot-com" boom.

In 1993, Frankfurter Wertpapierbörse became managed by Deutsche Börse AG.

In 2018, the trading platform continues to occupy a leading position in the ranking of world exchanges. Millions of transactions in stocks, bonds, derivatives and synthetics are made here every day. financial instruments, currencies and gold.

What is Xetra

Xetra is the main trading system of the German exchange (program, software). Xetra trading technology replaced the IBIS platform on November 28, 1997.

Through its Deutsche Börse Cash Market division, Deutsche Börse AG (pronounced Deutsche Börse) in Frankfurt am Main now operates two trading platforms based on Xetra trading technology:

1. Xetra (XETR) is the main market for German stocks and exchange-traded funds. Exchange commodities and notes are also traded here.
2. Börse Frankfurt (XFRA) and derivatives exchange Börse Frankfurt Zertifikate AG (formerly Scoach) migrated to Xetra trading technology on May 20, 2011.

In addition, Xetra trading technology has also been used on the Vienna Stock Exchange since November 1999. In December 2010, the Vienna Stock Exchange similarly introduced Xetra on the Ljubljana Stock Exchange. Trading technology also operates on the Prague (since November 2012), Budapest (since December 2013), Irish (since 2000), Bulgarian (since 2008), Maltese (since 2012), Cayman Islands Stock Exchange (since 2013 year) and Zagreb (since 2017).

Eurex Bonds, Deutsche Börse's trading platform for government bonds, is powered by Xetra trading technology. The new generation trading system operating on the Shanghai Stock Exchange was also developed based on Xetra trading technology.

Features of the XETRA system

You can trade on Xetra from anywhere in the world. Here are the key features of the system:

• Automatic entry of all transactions into a single register.
• Analysis of each individual sale or purchase order.
• Selection of counter orders.
• Maximum choice favorable price to obtain the greatest benefit from the transaction.
• Modular principle of software construction.
• Built-in tool for monitoring market performance - XetraObserver. It records the trader’s actions, summarizes analytics and reports deviations from standard actions.

How to list on the stock exchange?

The conditions for listing on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange are quite simple, but depending on the size of the company, two listing options are possible.

The first is “Standard” and is regulated by Deutsche Börse AG. The second is called “Premium”, and the governing document here is the Directive of the European Parliament, known as MiFID, “On Markets in Financial Instruments”.

Premium listing participants, in addition to matching the size of the business, must mandatory regularly hold various educational events, congresses and meetings.

To enter one of the markets, a company must:

• Exist for at least 3 years.
• Prepare a prospectus.
• Lead financial statements in accordance with international ones; IFRS standards (IAS/IFRS).
• The minimum market capitalization of the issuer must be EUR 1.25 million.
• The minimum placement volume is 10 thousand shares.
• Free float (number of shares in free float) at the time of placement - at least 25%.
• Six months before the listing, the company must undergo an audit and publish its results in English or German on its own website.

Pros and cons of the exchange

On the Frankfurt stock exchange, Xetra has established itself as a reliable and secure system trade. Its users note such advantages as execution prices in accordance with the market, low transaction costs, equality of trading participants, geographical location and anonymity of trading partners.

The main problems that were identified during the trading process were to ensure the stability and accessibility of exchange trading, scalability and long-term growth of activity in the market.

Most famous traded stocks

Of course, the largest in terms of turnover are the shares of such world-famous giants as Adidas, Lufthansa, Henkel, SAP, Bayer, Daimler, Deutsche Bank, Deutsche Telekom, Porsche, BMW, Volkswagen Group. They are also among the 30 most liquid stocks in the DAX index (blue chips).

How to access stock trading

In Russia, access to trading on the German stock exchange can be obtained through almost any broker (Otkritie, Finam, Kit-Finance, BCS, etc.). The problem here is that Russian legislation This can only be done by a citizen of the Russian Federation who has the status of a qualified investor (with more than 6 million rubles in his account).

Access can also be obtained abroad: through a foreign “subsidiary” Russian brokers Kit-Finance (Estonia), Finam (Cyprus and USA) or foreign broker: IB, Exante, Captrader. In any case, you will have to pay tax on the dividends. Moreover, both in Germany and in Russia.

Rick Keith Opening CapTrader Exante

A Caution About Binary Options and Forex

Please note that under the guise of trading in exchange-traded instruments in Germany, including company shares, scammers offer binary options. Be careful, they have nothing to do with the securities market. This is a regular casino. Just like stocks are not traded on forex, since it is an interbank foreign exchange market. In addition, it is poorly adjustable.

Shares can only be accessed through a licensed broker.

Exchange indices

The main indices at Börse Frankfurt are the well-known DAX and its derivatives DAXPlus, Cdax, DivDAX, LDAX, MDAX, SDAX, TecDAX and VDAX.

In addition, the exchange calculates the key indicator of the entire European economy, Euro Stoxx 50, in 5 currencies at once.

Derivative "DAXs" mainly include companies from one of the economic sectors.

TecDAX consists of 30 high-tech companies whose shares are the most liquid. In particular, firms such as ADVA Optical Networking and Quality Service Communications AG (QSC), as well as software developer Software AG, are included here.

MDAX represents companies that follow the top thirty in terms of liquidity. When calculating this index, the indicators of 50 issuers are used. In particular, this includes such well-known brands as Hugo Boss AG, Metro AG, Puma SE.

The SDAX index is calculated based on the value of shares of companies of the first group, which occupy places from 81 to 130 in terms of turnover on the stock exchange. Here you can find such famous brands as Tom Tailor Holding AG, Bauer AG and so on.

HDAX is a broad index that includes companies regardless of their industry. This includes firms represented in the indices described above. Among the companies we can note, for example, BB Biotech AG (works in the field of biotechnology) or Q Cells GMBH (produces solar panels).

The CDAX index is also a composite index. It includes more than 300 companies that represent the first and second listing groups. Thanks to this, this index can be considered as an indicator of the “health” of the German economy. Companies from various fields are gathered here, including automakers (for example, Volkswagen AG), banks (Commerzbank AG) and others.

Prospects for investing in indexes

An index is essentially a virtual portfolio of stocks. However, for an investor to collect it in the same proportions that are used to calculate the index, significant capital will be required. Therefore large investment companies create investment funds, which copy the index. They form a portfolio of stocks included in the index. Investors can then buy shares in this fund (mutual fund, ETF). This is the only way to invest in an index for the long term.

You can’t just go out and buy an index; it’s virtual and not for sale. But you can buy derivative instrument which is based on it - for example, a futures or an option. Both are sold only on the stock exchange; no forex/binary options have anything to do with this.

These two instruments are time limited and typically expire in 3 months. Therefore, they are used only for buy-sell speculation or hedging. Theoretically, you can make money from speculation, but not for long. Therefore, I advise investing for 3 or more years in ETFs and diversifying your portfolio, including with different instruments.

(Frankfurt Stock Exchange, or FSE) is one of the oldest exchanges in Germany and the largest platform for trading securities in the world. The FSE is included in the German group Deutsche Borse Group– an influential exchange company that provides various Financial services related to trading activities.

The content of the article:

Transactions on the Deutsche Borse Group trading exchange account for about 70% of all German securities trading activities.

Opening hours: daily from 09-00 to 17-30 (Moscow time), except weekends and holidays.

Features and advantages of the FSE stock exchange

The following assets are traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange:

• currency;
• goods;
• bonds;
• funds;
• securities;
• guarantees and certificates.

Independent experts highlight several main advantages of the exchange. Integration takes place according to a vertical structure, that is, the entire necessary list services and systems on the exchange are easily accessible to any investor. It is on the German Stock Exchange that one of the highest indicators in terms of profit, revenue and capitalization in Europe. All operations on the stock exchange take place in the electronic trading system Xetra More than 650 exchange clients work there, including about 5 thousand traders and 270 banks from all over the world.

History of the development and formation of FSE

According to German sources, the history of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange dates back to 1150. That year, in the fall, the very first goods fair was held on the Rhine. Since then, similar goods fairs have been held annually once a year.

In 1330, Ludwig of Bavaria, noticing the great popularity of the fairs, introduced another fair - the spring one. This was great news for both agricultural producers and buyers. Soon they began to bring fish to the fair, thereby further increasing the profitability of the site.

The popularity of the fair-venue grew, attracting more and more sellers. Then problems arose with making payments - each region in Europe had its own currency and when transferring currencies there was a lot of confusion, and scammers began to appear. To make it easier to work with currency exchange, an exchange exchange is created.

And so, in 1585, a meeting of merchants from all regions of Europe took place in Frankfurt. At this meeting, in order to stop fraud during trade and facilitate exchange transactions, a single exchange rate was established. Almost immediately bill traders and speculators appear with this.

History year by year or the most important dates for the stock exchange

• The official sheet with exchange rate differences was first published in 1625 and consisted of 12 currencies.
• In the 18th century, the exchange began to carry out transactions in government bonds.
• The periods after the First and Second World Wars did not have the best effect on the stock exchange - the price of shares fell, and there was a huge outflow of capital.
• In the history of the exchange, 1953 marks the beginning of an era of restoration and dawn. The exchange is actively starting to trade in monetary units of Switzerland, the USA, Canada and the currencies of other countries.
• In 1957, work on restoring the trading floor was completed, and the exchange began its full-scale operation.
• In 1969, the BOGA automated computer system was installed in the stock exchange building, intended for conducting trading operations.
• In 1993, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange became part of the largest holding company, Deutche Borse AG.
• In 2002...2004, negotiations were actively underway on the merger of the Frankfurt and London stock exchanges. The merger of Europe's two major trading floors would create the most powerful stock market in the world. However, the deal was not destined to take place - the initiator of the idea, CEO Deutche Borse AG, Werner Seifert has left his post.

Stock indices of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange

The main and most important index on the German stock exchange is - DAX(Deutscher Aktienindex). It is calculated based on the value of shares of the 30 most liquid and reliable companies in Germany trading on the stock exchange. The DAX calculation takes into account the price of the most popular and traded stocks over the past three years. Exchange specialists constantly check the companies whose shares are taken into account when calculating the DAX and periodically update this list.

Changes in the composition of the DAX clearly demonstrate any changes in the country's economy. For example, the first DAX composition included five German banks, but now there are only two left - Commerzbank And DeutscheBank.

The basis of the German index is now made up of representatives of the chemical and automotive industries, since these areas are the main ones for the German economy. The index includes the following companies:

• BMW;
• Bayer;
• Volkswagen;
• Henkel;
• Continental;
• Daimler;
• BASF;
• Merck;
• K+S;
• Beiersdorf;
• Siemens;
• Lufthansa.

In addition to the DAX index, there are many highly specialized, “related” indices in Germany, which receive less attention than the main one;

• HDAX;
• TecDAX;
• CDAX;
• SDAX.

The second most important index is EuroStoxx50– some indicator economic situation in the European Union. The index is simultaneously calculated in five currencies.

Brokers with access to the Frankfurt Stock Exchange

The best brokers for buying and investing in shares

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About promotions and listing

Shares of leading companies on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange are popular all over the world. They fully comply with all the strict conditions that are necessary to participate in the listing.

The first requirement for listing is that the applicant company must be located in a market segment where issuers are located that are as transparent as possible in their work ( Prime Standard). The second condition is that at least 10% of the shares must be in free circulation. Third, the company's head office must be located in Germany.

The turnover of any company is constantly changing. This is due to the activity of demand for a particular stock. The most stable four in this regard are the following companies:

1. The first place belongs to the largest concern BASF Societas Europaea. It includes 160 subsidiaries, produces 7 thousand types of products, including chemical and heat-resistant food coatings, synthetic rubber, pharmaceuticals and chemicals, solutions for reducing automobile emissions.
2. Next comes the German Insurance Company Allianz SE. Now it is a huge concern offering insurance protection services to clients around the world.
3. Deutsche Bank AG- Bank of Germany. The client base numbers more than 13 million clients. The bank provides asset management services and is engaged in investment and commercial activities.
4. Company Bayer A, engaged in pharmaceuticals and chemistry, develops medicines.

It should be noted that about half of the companies listed on the FSE are foreign. Therefore, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange can be considered international.

A foreign company wishing to be listed must demonstrate reporting of its financial position and meet all FSE requirements for listing.

The exchange listing includes more than 1,000 companies with a total capitalization exceeding 2 trillion. US dollars. To the corporation Borse AG includes not only trading platforms, but also clearing companies, trading centers, banking institutions and official brokers.

Unique trading system Xetra

In 1997, the FSE introduced electronic system bidding Xetra(Exchange Electronic Trading). Thanks to its simplicity coupled with high reliability, the system quickly gained respect among traders, since working in the system is very convenient, and any operation can be performed from anywhere in the world.

More than 20 sites in Europe are connected to Xetra, including all-German Deutsche Borse AG, Frankfurt, Swiss SIX Swiss Exchange, Shanghai Stock Exchange And Eurex.

Xetra contains a set of more than 2.5 thousand various types of convenient trading instruments: investment funds, ETFs, ETSc commodity indices, ETNc debt obligations and many others. The company's brokers, with the introduction of Xetra, began to perform the functions of market makers.

The electronic system allows participants to conduct trading in various securities. However, the functions of the unique platform are not limited to this - it also allows you to trade raw materials, goods, purchase or sell electricity contracts.

The system constantly generates a set of data on sales and purchases in the so-called general order book. When a suitable counter order is received, the system itself executes it. Thus, Xetra is able to bring turnover to the highest level. Even if transactions are carried out with securities with a low liquidity indicator, the transaction processes will be effective in any case.

Speaking about the software itself, it should be emphasized that it has a modular structure and can increase and expand its functionality when additional functions are included.

For the convenience of traders, there are various options for accessing the system. As a rule, leased lines and the Internet are used for these purposes.

Thanks to Xetra, the process of trading securities will be under constant control, and any operation will be monitored in real time by trading participants. If there is a change or deviation from the established rules, the Xetra toolkit will notify you of this by giving an appropriate signal.

The term "Borse" is translated from German as " stock exchange" This word referred to the periodic meetings of wealthy merchants from Italy in the Buerse town square in the Belgian city of Bruges, which was named after the Van der Burse family (from the Latin " Bursa" – wallet, bag), who once lived in the city.

An interesting fact about mutually beneficial cooperation

Telegraphen-BauanstaltSiemens&Halske Corporation, henceforth known as Siemens ( whose shares are still included in the DAX index today), was discovered by a German businessman and his companion Johann Halske in 1847. Its activities were based on electronic telegraphy and developments in the field of exact sciences - optics and mechanics. Siemens became the first company that was able to enter the Russian market with its offer in the field of telecommunications technologies. The first order for the Russian government was for 75 telegraphs from Siemens und Halske in 1851. This marked the beginning of a long and warm relationship between Siemens and Russia.

Unlucky investor

In 1998, Jochen Wermuth was appointed to the position of Director for Investment Management of World Markets in the Russian branch of DeutschBank Russia. After not even working for six months, Jochen was removed from his position. The reason for his dismissal was that he, without the consent of management, invested the bank’s funds in one of the Russian GKOs. As the bank's press service later reported, Deutsche Bank's profits dropped by 83% during Wermuth's tenure.

Final points

Today the German stock exchange provides about 90% financial transactions, held in Germany, and also controls 30% of the European market. More than 51% of the total income of the LSE comes from trading alone. The volume of trade turnover is 1459 billion euros.

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The western part of the country has been the financial center of Germany for many decades. It was here that the famous Frankfurt Stock Exchange began its work, which consistently holds 12th place in the world in terms of market capitalization. At the same time, it is responsible for approximately 90% of the total turnover of goods, as well as for a significant part of trading taking place in the European Union. The owner of this site is the largest exchange organization - Deutsche Börse Group.

History of the exchange

The year the largest financial organization on German territory it is considered 1585. This suggests that even the Berlin Stock Exchange is inferior to the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in age. At the core trading platform lies an ordinary fair, which at that time was the traditional place for making transactions.

The reason for the emergence of such an institution was a problem with conducting payment transactions, which provoked the presence of a large number of various currencies on the market. To facilitate the process, the organizers had to create an exchange that dealt with their exchange. A little later, bills of exchange began to be introduced into circulation. The story then developed as follows:

Currently, the work of the exchange is under the control of the Deutsche Börse Group, an organization with public legal status. The company was founded in 1980.

The stock exchange is located in Frankfurt am Main, in a building made in the neo-Renaissance style, reminiscent of a mansion rather than a financial institution. At the entrance you can see a bull and a bear - symbols of stock brokers.

Exchange participants

In 2019, the famous FWB (Frankfurter Wertpapier borse) continues to be the largest, occupying a leading position in the ranking of exchanges. Here transactions are concluded with bonds, shares, derivatives and synthetic financial instruments. The number of participants today exceeds 1,000 companies, with a total capital of almost 2 trillion US dollars.

Börse Group includes, in addition to the exchange platforms themselves, official brokers, clearing organizations, and trading centers. The top 5 companies that are regular bidders are large and respected players in the world of finance and. Their shares are in incredible demand. This status became possible due to the fulfillment of the basic requirements of the exchange:

• Staying in the same part of the stock market with issuers whose work is transparent (Prime Standard);
• About 10% of the participant's shares are in circulation.
• Location central office is a German territory.

The five most influential FWB companies today are:

1. BASF SE with a volume of 300.37 million euros. The concern owns 160 branches and produces more than 7 thousand types of various products, a quarter of which are sold directly in Germany itself.
2. Allianz SE is an insurance company that has been operating for more than one century and has more than 70 branches in other countries. There are approximately 455.95 million shares in active circulation.
3. Deutsche Bank AG is one of the largest banks in the country, with more than 13 million clients. The volume of market funds is 32,481.26 million euros, the assets of shares are 1.02 billion.
4. Bayer AG is a well-known company throughout the world whose activities are based on the production of chemical and pharmaceutical products. Capital – 67,660.87 million euros. Number of shares – 826.95.
5. Siemens AG is a multinational company specializing in mechanical engineering. The market capital is 69,772.34 million euros and there are 881 million shares outstanding.

Other exchange players include: Adidas, BMW, Commerzbank, Daimler, Henkel, MAN, Volkswagen Group, Gazprom, Kazakhtelecom, Nokia.

The principle of operation on the stock exchange

Today, everyone who is in one way or another connected with the stock exchange knows in which city the main stock exchange in Germany is located. It is also of great interest to Russian business representatives, whose key strategy is aimed at entering European markets.

But do not forget that placing shares on FWB is an expensive procedure that involves a lot of risk in financial matters. Moreover, the directives adopted by the European Union have a huge impact on the work of the exchange as a whole. The ratification of most of these documents in 2007 led to the introduction of changes to the work of the site as a whole.

To begin with, let's give a little reference information. The main products traded on the site include:

• currency,
• bonds,
• securities,
• funds,
• cryptocurrencies,
• goods,
• guarantees and certificates.

Almost 50% of companies listed on the Frankfurt stock exchange are foreign. Absolutely any participant can conduct their work here. But first you have to provide financial reports. This is stated in the rules of the exchange itself and in the law on securities trading.

The main stock index operating on the exchange is DAX. It was created in 1988 and still holds a leading position. It is calculated based on stock quotes of the thirty largest companies listed on the exchange. But we cannot discount other indices that are actively used in the work of FWB:

• DAX30,
• DAXplus
• DivDAX
• CDax,
• MDax,
• LDax,
• TecDAX
• SDax,
• VDAX.

Regardless of the size of the company, participants can enter one of two markets:

• Standard – subject to the rules of the Börse Group;
• Premium – regulated by documents adopted in the EU.

Today, Frankfurt, as the location of the largest stock exchange in Europe, is attracting more and more foreign issuers. But to become a player on the stock exchange, you must complete key condition– transform your company into a public company. That is, legally the enterprise must have the status of a joint stock company.

The next thing that needs to be ensured is transparency of the history of the creation and development of the company, as well as providing accounting documentation that is absolutely accessible to the public and corresponds to reality.

The cost of entering the stock market is 5-12% of the volume of funds that will be placed on it.

Additionally, you need to provide a budget to pay for the following services:

• Bringing documentation into compliance with European standards.
• Enterprise restructuring in accordance with EU requirements.
• Communication with exchange consultants.
• Preparation of the issue prospectus.
• Assignment of share price.

Only after this does a company entering the market have the opportunity to buy and sell assets. In addition, you can use binary options to generate income, which allow you to receive a fixed profit by predicting in advance the increase in the price of certain assets.

In general, the scheme of work on the exchange is somewhat different from other platforms. All players can be divided into three categories:

• banking institutions,
• official brokers,
• traders.

Banks set the priority cost of purchase and sale transactions. Brokers deal directly with the stock exchange. They accept orders and fulfill them, interact with Forex. But traders have the least rights and play the role of assistants to large players.

What is Xetra

The stock market is based on the Xetra or Exchange Electronic Trading system. Its creation and implementation took place in 1997. It has gained great popularity due to such characteristics as reliability, speed, and ease of learning. Today, about 20 exchanges in Europe are connected to it, including FWB.

This electronic system allows you to carry out transactions for the purchase and sale of derivatives and securities. There is also a market here precious metals and cash.

You can perform operations from anywhere on the planet. Let's name the key characteristics of the system:

• automatic consolidation of all contracts into a single register;
• analysis of each order to sell or buy separately;
• selection of counter orders;
• setting a price that will allow you to get the maximum profit from the transaction;
• modular software structure;
• the presence of a tool for studying the principles of market operation - XetraObserver, which monitors user actions, conducts analytics and reports the occurrence of deviations from standard operations.

Results

The stock exchange in Frankfurt is one of the oldest and largest exchanges in the world. It allows you to carry out transactions for the sale and purchase of not only securities and currency, but also goods for various sectors of the economy, including contracts for the supply of electricity. Today FWB accounts for 90% of trade turnover in Germany. Its members include almost 1,000 largest concerns. The share of foreign companies in this list is almost half. But to enter the market, you will have to spend a lot of money and time. To begin with, the candidate must show that the work of the enterprise, its development and reporting are absolutely transparent and open to the public.

And do not forget that the work of the exchange is regulated not only by the documents of its owner, but is also subject to the requirements of the European Union, the requirements of which will also have to be observed.

Economic miracle in Germany – truth and legends: Video

The Frankfurt Stock Exchange is one of the oldest stock exchanges in the world, as well as one of the main stock exchanges in mainland Europe. Frankfurt Stock Exchange is part of the Deutsche Borse Group, which also owns several dozen financial and banking sector. The group provides a full range of exchange services, which accounts for 70% of stock market activity in Germany, the largest economy in the European Union.

History of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange

The beginning of the FSE stock exchange is attributed to 1585, when traders from Western Europe met in the most developed trading hub at that time - in the city of Frankfurt. It all started with ordinary fairs, which attracted merchants from all parts of Europe.

thousands of different issuers

place among the world's stock exchanges

all financial transactions in Germany

Some historians note the mention of the first origins of the Frankfurt stock exchange even earlier - in 1150. It was then, in their opinion, that the first food fair took place on the Rhine, which marked the beginning of the history of the exchange. At first the fairs were held once a year, but in 1330 Ludwig of Bavaria, observing the popularity and high demand of the trading platform, decided to introduce an additional spring fair, which was great news for both crop producers and buyers from Western Europe. In turn, merchants from the western part brought fish to the fair, which also increased the income of the site.

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By the middle of the sixteenth century, the trading floor in Frankfurt had already become one of the largest and most popular in Europe, and traders and buyers from Holland and France came to this exchange floor, who were persecuted by their government because of Protestantism.

The period that is considered more officially as the beginning of the functioning of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, namely 1585, became the date of introduction of uniform exchange rates. This was caused by too many merchants from different regions and, accordingly, a huge number of different monetary units. Buyers and sellers themselves began to get confused about the exchange rate difference, and scammers often used this factor for profit. Then the bidders decided to establish a single exchange rate. Against the backdrop of such regulations, bill traders and exchange rate speculators immediately appeared on the stock exchange. The first official exchange rate sheet for currency exchange was adopted in 1625. The list included 12 currencies with closing dates for transactions concluded at the fair.

NameBurse (Boerse,Borse) has been assigned to all stock exchanges of continental Europe since 1605. Historians assign this name to the merits of the merchant Van der Beers from Bruges. Also, some believe that the lane on which merchants first began to gather had a similar name.

In 1666, a set of rules for the conduct of stockbrokers first appeared at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, and at the end of this century, Frankfurt stockbrokers were already able to acquire their own Grober Braunfels building for trading activities. The first treasury bonds of the German Empire were placed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in 1779.

The end of the First World War brought a severe economic crisis to Germany and in 1929 almost all company shares fell in price to mere pennies. During the Second World War, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange operated quite actively and gained momentum, but with the fall of the Third Reich, it received a significant outflow of capital and closed for 6 months.

1953 marks the beginning of the dawn of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange again, and active trading in the currencies of the USA, Canada, Switzerland and others begins to take place on the site developed countries peace. By 1957, the exchange restored the destroyed trading floor and continued full-scale operation.

In 1969, a computer system was installed in the FSE trading exchange building to conduct trading operations BOGA and this is two years earlier than the installation of a similar system on NASDAQ in USA. The Boga system ensured prompt transmission of quotes via telex.

In the early 90s, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange became the “birthplace of new markets” - European companies in the technology sector and start-up web companies listed their shares on the Frankfurt exchange. Also in 1993, FSE became part of the Deutche Borse AG holding.

In the early 2000s, the management of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange held several meetings with the owners of the London Stock Exchange. The subject of conversation was the merger of two largest European sites, which could give rise to one of the largest-scale stock markets to a degree. However, the deal never took place in full due to the fact that one of the initiators, Werner Seifert (CEO of Deutche Borse AG), resigned. The exchanges managed to achieve only a partial merger with the formation of the international trading platform International Exchange, headed by the Frankfurt leadership.

Later, the owners of the German stock exchange began discussing a merger with another exchange, the French stock exchange Euronext. But the deal failed to take place, as Euronext was bought by the New York stock exchange NYSE exchange for 9.96 billion dollars. Due to such a series of failures, FSE management decided to quickly acquire the Swiss holding SIX Swiss Exchange. These transactions did not bring significant increases in capitalization, but they did allow exporting to foreign countries. trading system Xetra, which was created by the Germans in 1997.

The Xetra trading system is still very popular and in demand today. Not only the Frankfurt Stock Exchange is connected to it, but also all divisions of Deutche Borse AG, the network of Swiss stock exchanges, the Shanghai Stock Exchange and Eurex. The system is characterized by high speed and reliability, as well as a simple user interface, which allows you to carry out transactions with stocks, derivatives, as well as in market conditions cash currency and precious metals (Cash Market and Xetra Gold).

Modern FSE

The modern Frankfurt Stock Exchange is the leading European platform for transactions in stocks, bonds, derivatives and synthetic financial instruments. The FSE lists more than 1,000 companies with a total capitalization of almost $2 trillion. The Borse AG group includes not only exchange platforms, but also banking institutions, a clearing company, official brokers and trading centers.

The exchange operates from 9:00 to 20:00. A wide range of instruments are available not only of European origin, but also financial assets Russia, Asia and America.

The stock exchange calculates several stock indices, two of which are extremely popular all over the world: DAX and EuroStoxx 50.

The DAX has been in use since 1988 and is considered an index of German economic activity. The index indicator includes 30 of the country's largest companies whose shares are traded on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. During its existence, the DAX index has grown 7 times.

Euro Stoxx 50- a basic indicator of the entire economy of the European Union, which is calculated immediately in 5 world currencies.

The most famous companies that are available for trading on FSE market, are Volkswagen Group, Siemens, MAN, Henkel, E.ON, Deutsche Lufthansa, Deutsche Bank, Daimler, Commerzbank, BMW, Bayer, BASF, Adidas and others.

Today, the Frankfurt Stock Exchange provides 90% of all financial transactions in Germany and controls about 30% of the European market.