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Household economics Lesson No. 6 Developed by a technology teacher of the highest category, Honorary Worker of Primary Vocational Education of the Russian Federation MBOU "Secondary School No. 7", Kaluga Gerasimov Vladislav Alexandrovich Home economics.

Repetition of the material covered. Define the concepts: farm, cut, cooperation, resettlement policy

Definition. A homestead (dacha) plot is a certain land area transferred by the state or bought into ownership and used for food production and family recreation. (write in notebook)

Homestead tasks. Saving family money on the purchase of basic vegetables and fruits in the market or in the store. Variety of the family table, replenishing it with a full set of vitamins and microelements. The best use of the family's free funds is to invest them in the purchase of a land plot or the construction of a house.

When working independently on the site, funds are saved on the wages of the field crop and gardener; Growing environmentally friendly products; Possibility of cultivation of the culture most necessary at present; Replenishment of the family budget through the development of entrepreneurship in the garden.

The rate of consumption of fruits and vegetables per person per year. Fruits - 78 kg.; Berries - 22 kg; Vegetables and green crops - 280 kg. (write in notebook)

Practical work. Calculate how much you need to grow for a family of 4, knowing the average yield per 1 square meter, calculate what area you need to plant to get this crop?

Name of crop Consumption rate per person, kg per year Required quantity for a family of 4, kg per year Average yield kg per 1 m2 Planted area, m2 Potatoes 120 120 * 4 = 480 3 ? Cabbage 50 ? five ? Carrot 8? 4 ? Table beet 4 ? 8 ? Luke 9? 3? Garlic 1.5? 1.5? Cucumbers 12? 4 ? Tomatoes 27? five ? Pepper 3? 3? Zucchini 7? 6? Peas, beans 8 ? 1.5? Greens 9 ? 2? TOTAL? ?

Seeding rates and number of seeds per gram.

Name Quantity in gram Seeding rate g/m2 Name Quantity in gram Seeding rate g/m2 Watermelon 0.35 26 Pepper 150 0.05 Beans 0.5 8-10 Radishes 80-130 1.0-1.5 Peas 3-6 10-22 Radish 100-170 0.8-1.2 Melon 30 0.15 Turnip 280-400 0.8-1.0 Zucchini 10 0.5 Lettuce 700-1000 0.06-0.1 White cabbage 250-350 0.04-0.06 Beetroot 45-100 1.2 Bulb onion 250-400 0.35-0.46 Celery 1200-2000 0.01-0.015 Carrot 600-1000 0.1-0, 2 Tomato 250-300 0.008-0.015 Cucumber 40 0.18 Pumpkin 3-8 0.1-0.3 Squash 10 0.7 Dill 800-1000 0.05 Beans 2-3 10-12 Corn 10-18 1.8 -2.8

Practical work. Calculate how many seeds you need to take to plant a bed measuring 1 m by 2 m? 2 m 1 m

Name Quantity Grams Watermelon Melon Zucchini Pepper Cucumber Patisson Fill in the table.

Test yourself! Name Quantity Grams Watermelon 18 0.7 Melon 9 0.3 Zucchini 10 1.0 Pepper 15 0.1 Cucumber 14.4 0.38 Squash 16.8 1.4

Practical work. How many bags do you need to take to plant such a bed, knowing how many seeds are in the bag?

Name Number of seeds in one package Number of packages Watermelon Melon Zucchini Pepper Cucumber Patisson Fill in the table.

Test yourself! Name Number of seeds in one package Number of packages Watermelon 50 pcs. 36% of the package Melon 50 pcs. 33% of the package Zucchini 50 pcs. package Pepper 50 pcs. 75% of the package Cucumber 50 pcs. 70% of the package Patisson 50 pcs. 90% package

Seed sowing scheme.

Homework assignment. Learn the notes in your notebook.

ECONOMY OF THE HOUSEHOLD (COUNTRY) PLOT

Subject: technology.

Class: 8.

Goals: find out what a personal plot is, what impact a personal plot can have on the family budget, what options exist for using a personal plot for business purposes.

Materials: A textbook for students of the 8th grade of educational institutions, edited by V.D. Simonenko.

During the classes

Organizing time.

Repetition of the material covered.

Questions and tasks on the material covered:

What are some ways you can save money?

What is your preferred way to save money?

Why is it not rational to keep savings at home, in a “jug box”?

What are the parts of a student's budget?

What household machines do you know that dramatically increase the productivity of household members of the family?

People spend quite a lot of money to create comfort in the apartment. Does it make economic sense? What pays off the costs?

Is it true that in a large family, the cost of clothing for one child is lower than in a family with one child?

Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Presentation of the program material.

In our country, many families have a small plot of land - summer cottage or home garden - on which they grow the necessary and most beloved vegetables and fruits.

The personal plot helps its owners:

save family money on the purchase of vegetables and fruits;

diversify the family diet, replenish it with a complete set of vitamins, mineral salts and trace elements;

in the best way to allocate free funds of the family, investing them in the purchase of a land plot or the construction of a house;

replenish the family budget through the development of entrepreneurship on the land;

build and strengthen relationships between family members.

The intense modern rhythm of work and study leaves very little time for communication in the family. Joint work on the garden plot helps to compensate for the lack of communication, bring family members closer to solve a common problem, cultivating feelings of mutual assistance and understanding. Labor on earth helps to become more familiar with various natural phenomena, the properties of materials and plants, to learn from the example of older work methods that will be useful to everyone in their later adult life.

Experimental work on growing plants with desired properties, breeding varieties and drawing up a plan for the rational placement of crops on the site can be very exciting. To decide how much and what kind of vegetables and fruits

grow, you need to know the average yield of individual crops and the needs of the family for them. It should be taken into account that vegetables should be consumed all year round (Table 7).

The table shows only the main vegetable crops, so you can add another 7% of the area for growing exotic crops, 15% for a house and outbuildings if it is a summer cottage, and 5% for flower beds and paths. It is useful to calculate how much money you can save by eating vegetables from your own garden.

In the case of using a personal plot for business, the profit that can be obtained from the sale of horticultural crops can be calculated using the formula:

where P - profit; D - income, market value of goods; C - the cost of grown products.

Practical work

Calculate the area for growing horticultural crops needed by your family.

Calculate the profit that can be obtained from the sale of products grown on a personal plot.

Calculate the cost of production of a garden plot (Table 8). Record the results in a table. Find out the prices for products on the market, take the real or approximate yield.

Review questions:

What is a homestead?

What impact can a personal plot have on the family budget?

What are the options for using a personal plot for business purposes?

Summary of the lesson.

Homework. Complete practical work.

Class: 8

Presentation for the lesson

Back forward

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Subject: technology, economics.

Class: 8.

Time to conduct: 45 minutes.

Lesson type: application of knowledge in practice.

Forms of work: individual, work in groups.

Lesson Objectives:

• To acquaint students with the concepts of economics, personal plot, suburban area.
• To teach the correct calculations of the area of ​​the site, sowing seeds in this area, options for using the backyard (suburban) plot.
• To be able to calculate the cost and quantity of grown products to provide the family with fruits and vegetables.
• Develop the horizons and creativity of students.
• To cultivate independence, work in pairs, interest in working on a personal plot.

Equipment: PC, media projector, screen, teacher-prepared Power Point presentation, handout, grade sheets, seeds.

Cabinet decoration: the desks stand with the letter P.

During the classes

Lesson stages	Technology	Economy
Organizational moment (1 min.)	- Hello! Today we have a technology lesson, but the lesson is not quite ordinary. (slide 1)
Update (5 min.)	- To determine the topic of today's lesson, you need to
		- Solve the crossword puzzle that lies on your desks. (slide 2) ( Appendix 2) (slide 3)
Self test (1 min.)		- Test yourself. (slide 4) What is the vertical word? Economics is the beginning of the topic of today's lesson. - Evaluate your work, put it on the sheet (slide 5) (Annex 3) As many points as there are words of correct answers.
Update (2 min.)	- To determine the second part of the topic, you need to remember where the family likes to spend most of the time and get the harvest. (slide 6)
Topic message (1 min.)	- The topic of our lesson
		- "Economy
	- suburban area "(slide 7)
opening talk (3 min.)		What do you know about economics? The economy is... (slide 8)
	- The summer cottage is ... (slide 9) - Where is the suburban area located most often? And if the site is located near the house, how can it be called? What parts can it be divided into?
Practical work (fill in the table) (5 min.)	- Developed norms for the consumption of fruits and vegetables per person per year. These standards and the individual tastes of the family should be taken into account when calculating the area. (slide 10)
		- Calculate how much you need to grow for a family of 4, knowing the average yield per 1 square meter, calculate how much area you need to plant to get this crop. (slide 11) ( Appendix 4)
Peer review (2 min.)	- Swap jobs and check your work against the slide. (slide 12). – Consumption rates for a year for one person. (slide 13)
		– Record your scores on the grading sheet. (Annex 3)
Update (2 min.)		- What size plot do you need to take in order to get a crop. (slide 14)
	- On the site, you can place vegetable beds in different ways (slide 15), flower beds (slide 16), shrubs for fruit and berry crops (slide 17).
Practical work (work in groups) (10 min.)	There are various schemes for sowing seeds and planting agricultural plants. (slide 18)
		- Using the seeding rates and the number of seeds per gram, calculate how many seeds are needed in order to get a crop for one family. (slide 19) ( Annex 5) – How many packets of seeds need to be planted to plant the desired number of seeds.
	- After counting the number of seeds, you will need to plant these seeds in the garden. (slide 20) (Appendix 5)
		– Practical work you perform collectively. (Appendix 6) (Appendix 7) (slide 21)
Check (1 min.)	- Hand over the beds for inspection. (The teacher of technology checks and puts points in the statement)
		- Submit problem solving for review. (Checks the teacher of economics and puts it in the statement). – Check your results against the results on the slide. Task 1 (slide 22) Task 2 (slide 23)
		- Enter your scores on the sheet. (Annex 3)
Independent work (5 min.)	- Now find a test on your desks and mark the correct answers in it. (slide 24) ( Appendix 8)
Peer review (2 min.)		- Check your results. (slide 25) Record the results on the sheet. (Annex 3)
Summing up (2 min.)	Why study economics? What are the advantages of people growing their own crops.
	- The advantages of a personal plot .... (slide 26)
		- Working on the site helps .... (slide 27)
	- Calculate your points. (Annex 3)
		– Translate your points into an assessment, according to the scale. (slide 28)
Homework (2 min.)	- Calculate the possible profit that you can get if you sell the grown products. (slide 29) ( Attachment 1)
Reflection (1 min.)	- Let's all decorate a flower bed together, planting it with flowers that are on your desks. (Flowers of three colors)
		- Evaluate today's lesson and yourself on it. (slide 30) (slide 31) (slide 32)
	Thank you for the lesson
		Thank you for your cooperation

Topic: Economics of a backyard (suburban) plot

Goals: to introduce students to the options for using a personal plot; the impact of income from the household plot on the family budget; to teach how to calculate the number of horticultural crops needed by the family in accordance with consumption standards and yields; nurture interest in working in the garden.

Equipment: workbook, textbook, table "Productivity of the main food crops"

Dictionary: personal plot, vegetable and fruit crops, production cost, mineral salts, microelements.

During the classes

Organization of the lesson.

· Greetings.

· Readiness check students for the lesson.

The topic of the lesson.

Many are now arguing: does the family need a backyard (dacha) plot or not. There are fierce defenders of both one and the other answer. And their arguments often represent opposing opinions. Today in the lesson we will try to figure out what role the household plot plays in the economy, and indeed in the life of the family.

Repetition of the material covered.

Poll students on questions:

What are some ways you can save money? What is your preferred way to save money? Why is it not rational to keep savings at home? People spend quite a lot of money to create comfort in the apartment. Does it make economic sense? How are these costs covered? Is it true that in a large family, the cost of clothing for one child is lower than in a family with one child?

Learning new material. Introduction by the teacher.

The more a person encases the earth in concrete and asphalt, the more often he is drawn to nature, closer to the earth. To the one that breathes like a living thing in spring, to the one whose greenery soothes tired eyes and nerves, to the one that bestows harvest in autumn ...

In recent years, this attraction has increased markedly. People want to grow fruits, vegetables and flowers with their own hands, build houses, lay out flowerbeds and flower beds, that is, at least a short summer season to be closer to nature.

So, gardening, horticulture, floriculture are ancient occupations of people. Farm work has never been easy.

The time spent on the backyard or summer cottage with the whole family is not in vain. Joint work on the garden plot brings family members together, unites them with a common goal.

The personal plot helps its owners:

· Save family money on the purchase of vegetables and fruits;

· Diversify the family diet, replenish it with a complete set of vitamins, mineral salts and trace elements;

· It is best to allocate free funds of the family by investing them in the purchase of a land plot or the construction of a house;

· Replenish the family budget through the development of entrepreneurship on the land;

· Build and strengthen relationships among family members.

Explanation of the teacher with elements of conversation.

Experimental work on the site.

You can experiment with any culture.

· Economics of a personal (suburban) plot.

The personal plot has another purpose: to save family money on the purchase of vegetables and fruits.

· Use of a personal plot for business activities.

- What types of business activities do you think can be developed on a personal plot? (student answers).

Very interesting projects you proposed:

- growing vegetables or fruits for the purpose of their sale;

- growing flowers for sale;

- development of rabbit breeding, poultry farming;

- growing seedlings for sale on the market.

That's right, to calculate the profit, you need to know the cost of production and the income received from the sale on the market. The difference between these numbers will show the profit.

- And how do you think, how can you calculate the cost of grown products? (student answers).

That's right, you need to keep a record of all the money spent on production.

- Tell me, what expenses should be made to grow, for example, seedlings?(student answers)

That's right, you need to buy seeds, mineral fertilizers, manure, containers for growing seedlings, various chemicals. In addition, the cost of production should include both the payment for the garden plot and the payment for travel to the plot..

Practical work. Summing up the lesson.

Questions:

Tell me about your homestead.

· Why does your family have a garden plot: for recreation, for growing vegetables and fruits for the family, for business?

What would you like to do in your backyard?

Do you think it is necessary for a family to have a personal plot?

Evaluation, their reasoning.

Homework: textbook, p. 9, p. 29-31.

Table 7. Consumption rate and average yield

main vegetable crops

Table 8. Calculation of the cost of production of a garden plot

culture	Qty plants, pcs.	Productivity from 1 tree, bush, kg	Price 1 kg, rub.	Production cost, rub.
Black currant
Red currants
Gooseberry
strawberries
Total

Goals: to introduce students to the options for using a personal plot; the impact of income from the household plot on the family budget; to teach how to calculate the number of horticultural crops needed by the family in accordance with consumption standards and yields; nurture interest in working in the garden.

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Topic: Economics of a backyard (suburban) plot

Goals : to introduce students to the options for using a personal plot; the impact of income from the household plot on the family budget; to teach how to calculate the number of horticultural crops needed by the family in accordance with consumption standards and yields; nurture interest in working in the garden.

Equipment: workbook, textbook, table "Productivity of the main food crops"

Dictionary: personal plot, vegetable and fruit crops, production cost, mineral salts, microelements.

During the classes

1. Organization of the lesson.

• Greetings.
• Readiness checkstudents for the lesson.

1. The topic of the lesson.

Many are now arguing: does the family need a backyard (dacha) plot or not. There are fierce defenders of both one and the other answer. And their arguments often represent opposing opinions. Today in the lesson we will try to figure out what role the household plot plays in the economy, and indeed in the life of the family.

1. Repetition of the material covered.

Poll students on questions:

• What are some ways you can save money?
• What is your preferred way to save money?
• Why is it not rational to keep savings at home?
• People spend quite a lot of money to create comfort in the apartment. Does it make economic sense? How are these costs covered?
• Is it true that in a large family, the cost of clothing for one child is lower than in a family with one child?

1. Learning new material.

1. Introduction by the teacher.

The more a person encases the earth in concrete and asphalt, the more often he is drawn to nature, closer to the earth. To the one that breathes like a living thing in spring, to the one whose greenery soothes tired eyes and nerves, to the one that bestows harvest in autumn ...

In recent years, this attraction has increased markedly. People want to grow fruits, vegetables and flowers with their own hands, build houses, lay out flowerbeds and flower beds, i.e. at least a short summer season to be closer to nature.

So, gardening, horticulture, floriculture are ancient occupations of people. Farm work has never been easy.

The time spent on the backyard or summer cottage with the whole family is not in vain. Joint work on the garden plot brings family members together, unites them with a common goal.

The personal plot helps its owners:

• Save family money on the purchase of vegetables and fruits;
• Diversify the family diet, replenish it with a complete set of vitamins, mineral salts and trace elements;
• It is best to allocate free funds of the family by investing them in the purchase of a land plot or the construction of a house;
• Replenish the family budget through the development of entrepreneurship on the land;
• Build and strengthen relationships among family members.

1. Explanation of the teacher with elements of conversation.

• Experimental work on the site.

You can experiment with any culture.

• Economics of a personal (suburban) plot.

The personal plot has another purpose: to save family money on the purchase of vegetables and fruits.

• Use of a personal plot for business activities.

- What types of business activities do you think can be developed on a personal plot? (student answers).

Very interesting projects you proposed:

- growing vegetables or fruits for the purpose of their sale;

Growing flowers for sale;

Development of rabbit breeding, poultry farming;

Growing seedlings for sale on the market.

That's right, to calculate the profit, you need to know the cost of production and the income received from the sale on the market. The difference between these numbers will show the profit.

And how do you think, how can you calculate the cost of grown products? (student answers).

That's right, you need to keep a record of all the money spent on production.

Tell me, what expenses should be made to grow, for example, seedlings?(student answers)

That's right, you need to buy seeds, mineral fertilizers, manure, containers for growing seedlings, various chemicals. In addition, the cost of production should include both the payment for the garden plot and the payment for travel to the plot..

1. Practical work.

Task: complete practical work No. 9 (textbook, pp. 30-32)

1. Summing up the lesson.

Questions :

• Tell us about your homestead.
• Why does your family have a garden plot: for recreation, for growing vegetables and fruits for the family, for business?
• What would you like to do in your backyard?
• Do you think it is necessary for a family to have a garden plot?

Evaluation, their reasoning.

1. Homework: textbook, p. 9, p. 29-31.

Table 7. Consumption rate and average yield

main vegetable crops

culture	annual rate consumption for 1 person, kg	average yield, kg/m
Potato
Cabbage (all types)
Carrot
Beetroot
Onion
Garlic
cucumbers
Tomatoes
Pepper
Zucchini
Peas, beans
Greens (dill, parsley, lettuce, etc.)

Table 8. Calculation of the cost of production of a garden plot

culture

Qty plants, pcs.

Productivity from 1 tree, bush, kg

Price 1 kg, rub.